Antiemetic popcorn Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 receptors are involved in the “Chemoreceptor trigger zone”

A

D2 (dopamine)

opioid

5-HT3 (serotonin)

NK1 (neurokinin)

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2
Q

Which 2 receptors are involved in the vestibular system

A

M1 and H1

Involved in motion sickness

(“Meghan Markle and Prince Harry get motion sickness”)

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3
Q

Which receptor is in the vagal and spinal afferent nerves in the GI tract

A

5-HT3

(so not involved in motionsickness)

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4
Q

T/F: complex N/V is resolved with antiemetics

A

false

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5
Q

What are the 4 Selective Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists?

A
  1. Granisetron
  2. Ondansetron
  3. Dolasetron
  4. Palonosetron

(“Palo GOD”)

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6
Q

Which Selective Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist causes QT prolongation

A

Dolasetron

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7
Q

Which Selective Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist do you have to decrease in liver problems

A

Ondansetron

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8
Q

What are the 2 uses of Selective Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists? What is it not useful for (2)?

A
  • Uses: Chemo, post-op
  • NOT FOR MOTION SICKNESS
  • NO use for N/V 24hrs after chemo
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9
Q

Is dose reduction of Selective Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists required in geriatric patients with renal insufficiency?

A

no

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10
Q

How do you increase efficacy of Selective Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists?

A

add corticosteroid

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11
Q

What are the 2 ADEs of Selective Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists

A

HA

constipation (slow GI motility)

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12
Q

What are the 2 Substance P/NK1 receptor antagonist meds?

A

Aprepitant

Rolapitant

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13
Q

What are Substance P/NK1 receptor antagonists used for?

A

Delayed emesis

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14
Q

How do you treat acute and delayed emesis?

A

Substance P/NK1 receptor antagonists + Selective seretonin receptor blocker

= Netupitant + Palonosetron

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15
Q

Which group of meds have hiccups as a SE?

A

Substance P/NK1 receptor antagonists

(Aprepitant, Rolapitant)

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16
Q

Which antihistaminic/anticholinergic should not be used in elderly

A

Dimenhydrinate

17
Q

What are the 2 uses of Meclizine

A

Vertigo

Motion sickness

18
Q

What med should be used for motion sickness on a cruise?

(KNOW)

A

Scopolamine

19
Q

What are the 2 ADEs of Prochlorperazine?

A

Prolonged QT

Tardive Dyskinesia

20
Q

2 ADEs of Promethazine

A

Sedation

Drowsiness

21
Q

What is the main ADE of Chlorpromazine?

A

Tardive Dyskinesia

22
Q

Which med should you be careful giving to patients in extremely hot/cold climates due to the Difficulty regulating body temp

A

Chlorpromazine

23
Q

What is the MOA of Chlorpromazine

A

Hypothalamus depression affecting basal metabolism, body temp, wakefulness, ,emesis

24
Q

What receptor does Haloperidol and Droperidol block?

A

D2

(Group= Butyrophenones)

25
Q

Which Butyrophenon (D2 blocker) causes QT prolongation/Torsades, requires EKG to monitor but has limited use outside trials

A

Droperidol

26
Q

What 2 Benzos are used to tx anticipatory N/V?

What schedule drug?

A
  • Alprazolam, Lorazepam
  • Schedule IV

(“You get anticipatory N/V when you go to LA for 4 weeks

27
Q

Main SE of Alprazolam?

A

memory impairment

28
Q

What schedule are Cannabinoids?

A

Schedule III

29
Q

What is the main SE of Dronabinol (cannabinoid) that most patients don’t like

A

euphoria

30
Q

What are the 3 SEs of Nabilone (cannabinoid)

A

Somnolence

Vertigo

Xerostomia

31
Q

Which med is good for Diabetic gastroporesis

A

Metoclopramide

32
Q

Which med has asthenia as a SE?

A

Metoclopramide

33
Q

T/F: Olanzapine causes sedation and you should take caution with prescribing to elderly

A

true