Antidepressants Flashcards
Tricyclic antidepressants MOA
inhibit NA and 5-HT reuptake
Tricyclic antidepressants ADRs
- antihistaminic, antimuscarinic effects
- orthostatic hypotension
- overdose: cardiac dysrhythmias
MOA SSRIs
- block reuptake of 5-HT
ADRs SSRIs
- insomnia, nausea, dizziness, anxiety
- increased suicide risk, serotonin syndrome (agitation, restlessness, confusion, rapid heart rate, high BP)
uses of SSRIs
depression, anxiety, OCD
MOA Tetracyclic antidepressants
block presynaptic alpha-2 receptors
ADRs tetracyclic antidepressants
- sedation
- blood toxicity (rare)
MOA NSRIs
- block reuptake of 5-HT, DA and NA
ADRs NSRIs
- hypertension
- hypercholesterolaemia
- nausea, dizziness, insomnia
MOA MAOIs
inhibit MAO
ADRs non-selective MAOIs
- if high dietary tyramine, tyramine enters terminal via reuptake-1, causing massive release of NA = hypertensive CRISIS
ADRs reversible inhibitors of MAO-A
- sleep disturbances, dizziness, nausea
more selective for 5-HT and NA, no dietary restrictions
MOA SNRIs
primarily block NA uptake
ADRs SNRIs
- dry mouth, constipation, tachycardia
What level of depression is St John’s wort used for?
mild to moderate
ADRs of St John’s wort
dry mouth, photosensitivity, headaches, palpitations
MOA lithium carbonate
substitutes the Na+ ion, affects Na+/K+ pump, reduces transmitter release
ADRs lithium carbonate
narrow range of safety (very toxic)
- cardiac dysrhythmias, convulsions, hypothyroidism, diarrhoea
lithium carbonate is used for?
bipolar
anti seizure drugs are used for?
mania
MOA anti seizure drugs
enhance GABA’s effects
MOA melatonin agonists
agonist at melatonin receptors, antagonist at some 5-HT receptors
- resets sleep-wake cycle
ADRs melatonin agonists
liver impairment, dizziness, headache, sleepiness, GI upset
MOA vortioxetine
enhance 5-HT availability, inhibit reuptake
