Antidepressants Flashcards
Phenelzine sulfate
MAO Inhibitors Antidepressants
Isocarboxazid
MAO Inhibitors Antidepressants
Tranylcypromine
MAO Inhibitors Antidepressants
Action of MAO Inhibitors Antidepressants
interferes with monoamine oxidase, allowing for increased concentration of neurotransmitters in synaptic space, causing stabilization of mood
Indications of MAO Inhibitors Antidepressants
- depression
- chronic pain syndromes
Side effects of MAO Inhibitors Antidepressants
-HTN crisis when taken with foods containing tyramine (cheese, bologna, pepperoni, salami, figs, bananas, raisins, beer, red wine)
- Photosensitivity
- Weight gain
- sexual dysfunction
- orthostatic hypotension
Nursing considerations for MAO Inhibitors Antidepressants
- not first line for depression
- should not be takens with SSRIs
- admin anti-HTN meds with caution
- avoid other CNS depressants
- no alcohol
- d/c 10 days before general anesthesia
- medications lower seizure threshold
- monitor for urinary retention
Fluoxetine
SSRI Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
Citalopram
SSRI Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
Escitalopram
SSRI Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
Fluvoxamine
SSRI Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
Paroxetine
SSRI Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
Sertraline
SSRI Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
Venlafaxine
SNRI Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
Duloxetine
SNRI Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
Action of Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
inhibits CNS neuronal uptake of serotonin
acts as stimulant counteracting depression and increasing motivation
Indications of Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
- depression
- OCD
- obesity
- bulimia
Side effects of Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
- HA
- dizziness
- nervousness
- insomnia
- drowsiness
- anxiety
- tremor
- dry mouth
- GI upset
- sweating
- rash
- URI
- painful menstration
- sexual dysfunction
- weight gain
Nursing considerations for Selective Reuptake inhibitors Antidepressant
- take in AM
- takes 4 wks to take effect
- monitor weight
- good mouth care
- do not admin with MAOIs
- monitor for thrombocytopenia
Amitriptyline
Tricyclics Antidepressant
Imipramin
Tricyclics Antidepressant
action of Tricyclics Antidepressant
inhibits presynaptic reuptake of neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin, anticholinergic action at CNS and peripheral receptors
indications of Tricyclics Antidepressant
- depression
- obstructive sleep apnea
side effects of Tricyclics Antidepressant
- sedation
- anticholinergic
- confusion
- photosensitivity
- disturbed concentration
- orthostatic hypotension
- bone marrow depression
- urinary retention
nursing considerations of Tricyclics Antidepressant
- 1-3 wks for therapeutic effect, max response 6-9 weeks
- daily dose at night to promote sleep and decrease day time side effects
- orthostatic hypotension
- side effects will decrease over time
- sugarless lozenge for dry mouth
- do not stop abruptly
- avoid alcohol
- avoid exposure to sun, wear sunscreen
- OA: strong anticholinergic and sedation effects
Bupropion
Heterocyclics Antidepressants
Trazodone
Heterocyclics Antidepressants
action of Heterocyclics Antidepressants
does not inhibit MAO, has some anticholinergic and sedative effects, alters effects of serotonin on CNS
indications for Heterocyclics Antidepressants
tx of depression and smoking cessation
side effects of Heterocyclics Antidepressants
- dry mouth
- nausea
- bupropion - insomnia and agitation
- trazodone - sedation, orthostatic hypotension
nursing considerations of Heterocyclics Antidepressants
- may require gradual reduction before stopping
- avoid alcohol, other CNS depressants for up to 1 week after end of therapy
