Anticoagulants Flashcards
1
Q
Heparin
A
Anticoagulants
- PTT monitor
- Antidote: protamine sulfate within 30 minutes
2
Q
Enoxaparin
A
Anticoagulants
low allergenic heparin
-does not require lab testing
3
Q
Warfarin
A
Anticoagulants
- PT monitor
- Antidote: vitamin K, whole blood, plasma
- teach measure to avoid venous stasis
- avoid foods high in vitamin K
4
Q
Vitamin K
A
- green vegetables
- pork
- rice
- yogurt
- cheeses
- fish
- milk
5
Q
Dabigatran
A
Anticoagulants
- directly inhibits thrombin
- used to treat A-fib
- increased risk of bleeding >75 yrs old, kidney dz, GI bleeding, NSAIDs
6
Q
action of Anticoagulants
A
- Heparin blocks conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
- Coumadin interferes with liver synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors
7
Q
indications of Anticoagulants
A
Hep: prohylaxis and tx of thromboembolic disorders, maintain IV patentcy low dose
Warfarin/Coumadin: PE, venous thromboembolism, MI, atrial dysrhythmias, post cardiac valve replacement
8
Q
Coumadin
A
Warfarin
9
Q
Side effects of Anticoagulants
A
- Nausea
- Alopecia
- Urticaria
- Hemorrhage
- Bleeding
10
Q
Nursing considerations for Anticoagulants
A
- signs of hemorrhage
- avoid IM injections, ASA, NSAIDs
- medical information tag
- soft toothbrush, electric razor
- report tarry stools
- monitor platelet counts and S/S of thrombosis
11
Q
Herbal interactions of Anticoagulants
A
- garlic, ginger, ginkgo may increase bleeding
- large doses of anise
- ginseng and alfalfa
- black haw
- chamomile
12
Q
Vitamin interactions of Anticoagulants
A
-Vitamin C & E
