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Pharmacology Exam 3 > ANTICONVULSANTS/EPILEPSY > Flashcards

ANTICONVULSANTS/EPILEPSY Flashcards

1
Q

GABA - glutamine seesaw

A

GABA acts as an inhibitor on the GABA receptor and glutamine is excitatory
Must stay in balance like a seesaw

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2
Q

estrogen vs progesterone - R/T seizures

A

estrogen is proconvulsant

progesterone is anticonvulsant

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3
Q

Which 3 anti epileptics can worsen absence seizures?

A

Phenytoin
Carbamezepam
Phenobarb

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4
Q

Phenytoin reference range

A

10-20mg/L

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5
Q

Phenytoin toxic effects - what levels do you see what?

A

> 20 mg/L - nystagmus
30 mg/L - ataxia/increased seizures
40 mg/L - lethargy, altered LOC, coma

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6
Q

Phenytoin - Pregnancy risk

A

D

Fetal hydantoin syndrome (cleft palate, congenital heart disease and mental retardation)

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7
Q

Valproate - Reference range

A

50-120 mg/L or mcq/mL

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8
Q

Carbamazepine - Reference range

A

4-12 mg/L (for seizures)

6-12 mg/L (for BPD)

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9
Q

Phenytoin - Reference range

A

10-20 mg/L

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10
Q

Phenobarbital - Reference range

A

15-40 mg/L

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11
Q

Anticonvulsant - pregnancy (possibly, depends on manufacturer)

A

Phenobarbital

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12
Q

Pregabalin (Lyrica) - use and ADE

A 
peripheral neuropathy
adjunt partial seizure
pain r/t diabetic neuropathy
postherpetic neuralgia
SE: sedation, dizziness, blurred vision
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13
Q

Felbamate (Felbatol) - use and ADE

A

adjunct for Lennox-Gastaut

SE: aplastic anemia, N/V/C

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14
Q

Which anti epileptic is contraindicated if Sulfa allergy?

A

Zonisamide (Zonegran)

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15
Q

Levetiracetam AKA

A

Keppra

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16
Q

Topiramate AKA

A

Topamax

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17
Q

Oxcarbazepine AKA

A

Trileptal

18
Q

Pregabalin AKA

A

Lyrica

19
Q

Ethosuximide AKA

A

Zarontin

20
Q

Gabapentin AKA

A

Neurontin

21
Q

Lamotrigine AKA

A

Lamictal

22
Q

Felbamate AKA

A

Felbatol

23
Q

Tonic clinic seizures - DOC (3)

A

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Valproate

23
Q

Primidone - reference range

A

8-12 mcg/mL

23
Q

Partial and secondarily generalized seizure - DOC (4)

A

Carbamazepine
Phenytoin
Lamotrigine
Oxcarbazepine

23
Q

Partial and secondarily generalized seizures - alternatives

A 
Pretty much everything else...
Preferred - Valproate
Primidone
Phenobarbital
Levitiracetam, etc.
23
Q

Absence (petit mal) - DOC

A

Ethosuximide (zarontin)

Preferred - Valproate

23
Q

Ethosuximude - reference range

A

60-100 mcg/mL

23
Q

Absence (petit mal) - alternatives

A

Levetiracetam
Lamotrigine
Zonisamide
Clonazepam

23
Q

Atypical absence, myoclonic seizure - DOC

A

Preferred - Valproate

Lamictal

23
Q

Atypical absence, myoclonic seizure - alternatives (5)

A 
Levetiracetam
Topiramate
Felbamate
Zonisamide
Clonazepam
23
Q

Lennox-gastaut - DOC

A

Lamotrigine
Levetiracetam
Topiramate

33
Q

Antibiotics that can cause seizures

A

Cefepime
FQs
Imipenem, Meropenem
Metronidazole

34
Q

Antipsychotic that can cause seizures

A

Clozapine

35
Q

Antiviral that can cause seizures

A

Foscarnet

36
Q

Antidepressant that can cause seizures

A

Bupropion

37
Q

Analgesic that can cause seizures

A

Meperidine

Tramadol

38
Q

Bronchodilator that can cause seizures

A

Theophylline

39
Q

Stimulants that can cause seizures

A

Amphetamine derivative
Dexmethylphenidate
Methylphenidate

40
Q

Drug withdrawal that can cause seizures

A

Beclofen, Barbiturates, Benzos, ETOH

41
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia - DOC

A

Carbemazepine

42
Q

Phenytoin and Carbemazepine - MOA

A

blocks Na channels so prevents repetitive firing

Pharmacology Exam 3 (10 decks)

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