ANEMIA Flashcards
*What anemia? Hgb, Hct - decrease MCV, MCH - decrease MCHC - right shift RBC - macrocytic Retic <2
B12 deficiency or folic acid deficiency
*What anemia? Hgb, Hct - decrease MCV, MCH, MCHC - decrease RBC - microcytic Retic <2
Iron deficiency anemia
*What anemia? Hgb, Hct - decrease MCV, MCH, MCHC - decrease or right shift RBC - normocytic Retic <2
Anemia of chronic disease
*What anemia?
Hgb, Hct - decrease
RBC - normocytic
Retic <3
Hemolytic anemia or bleeding
How much elemental Fe/day and how long to replenish stores?
200 mg
3-6 months
should increase 1g/week after 2-4 wks
*Oral Iron Therapy - SE
constipation
nausea
black stools
*Oral Iron Therapy - DDI
FQs
Tetracycline
Levothyroxine
Parental Fe Therapy (3)
Iron Dextran
Iron Sucrose
Ferric Gluconate
Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents (ESA) - 2
Darbepoetin Alfa
Epoetin Alfa
*ESA - SE
hypertension fever pruritus nausea cough DVT/stroke edema URI
Blood transfusion - whole vs RBCs
whole - 1 unit = 450-500cc
PRBCs - 1 unit =250-300cc
200 mg elemental FE
How much should each unit of blood increase Hgb and/or Hct?
Hgb by 1mg/dL or Hct by 3%
Normal H/H
Hgb - males (13-16 mg/dL), females (12-15 mg/dL)
Hct - males (40-50%), females (35-45%)
usually Hct = 3 x Hgb
*Treatment - Iron deficiency anemia
Oral iron therapy (ferrous sulfate) or parenteral iron therapy (Iron Dextran, Iron Sucrose or Ferric Gluconate)
*Treatment - anemia of chronic disease (CKD on HD, Chemo, AZT)
Erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA)
