Anticholinergics Flashcards

1
Q

Anticholinergics antagonize the effects of ACh at WHAT muscarinic receptors:

A
  • Heart
  • Salivary Glands
  • Smooth muscle GI and GU tracts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F: Anticholinergic exert little or no effect at nicotinic receptors called the neromuscular junction and autonomic ganglia.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What anticholinergics are naturally occurring tertiary amines:

A
  • Atropine

- Scopolamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What anticholinergics are semisynthetic congeners (Quaternary ammonium):

A

Glycopyrrolate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F: Tertiary amines cannot cross the BBB.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Semisynthetic congeners (quaternary ammonium) can cross the BBB:

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F: Anticholinergics are competitive antagonists:

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Do anticholinergics prevent the release of ACh or react with it?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 5 distnct subtypes of muscarinic cholinergic receptors:

A
  • M1 - CNS and Stomach
  • M2 - Lungs and Heart
  • M3 CNS, Airway, Smooth muscle, Glandular tissue
  • M4 - CNS
  • M5 - CNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What muscarinic cholinergic receptor does not act with the CNS:

A

M2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F: At small doses anticholinergic drugs can produce heart rate slowing due to direct agonist effect.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the onset of iV atropine:

A

1 minute (Half life 2-3 hours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the onset of IV glycopyrrolate:

A

2-3 minutes (Half life 1.25 hours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are anticholinergic uses:

A
  • Preoperative medication
  • Sedation
  • Antisialagogue
  • Prevent vagal reflexes
  • Treat reflex-mediated bradycardia
  • Combined with anticholinesterase drugs
  • Bronchodilitation
  • Prevent motion-induced nausea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T/F: (Sedation) Atropine is 100x more potent the atropine to decrease activity of the R.A.S.

A

False (Scopolamine is 100x…)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F: Atropine has increased incidence of memory deficits compared to glycopyrrolate.

A

True

17
Q

T/F: Anticholenergic can delay awakening particularly in elderly patients.

A

True

18
Q

T/F: Atropine and scopolamine do not cross the placenta.

A

False

19
Q

T/F: (Antisialagogue effect) Scopolamine is x3 more potent than atropine and glycopyrrolate 2x more potent with a longer duration of action.

A

TRUE

20
Q

T/F: Atropine will blunt the affect of the vagal reflex response.

A

True

21
Q

What does anticholinergics stop with use of anticholinesterase:

A

Prevent the parasympathomimetic effects of anticholinesterases