Antibodies in Medicine 2C Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a monoclonal antibody

A

An antibody produced from 2 genetically identical b cells

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2
Q

What is the ELIZA test used for

A

Medical treatment and diagnostics

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3
Q

What are monoclonal antibodies used for in medicine

A

Diagnostic tests and treatment

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4
Q

Types of ELISA test

A

Indirect and direct

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5
Q

Describe the direct ELISA test

A

Uses a single antibody complementary to an antigen
Antigens from a patients sample are attached to the inside of a well on a well plate
A detection antibody complementary to the antigen is added
If the antigen is present then it will be immobilised
Sample is then washed out to remove any unbound antigens
A substrate is added which reacts with the enzyme to produce a colour change

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6
Q

Describe the indirect ELISA test

A

HIV antigen is bound to the bottom of the well in a well plate
A sample of the patients blood plasma is added to the well
If the HIV antibodies are present these will bind to the antigen and then the well is washed out
A secondary antibody is then added with a specific antibody attached the secondary antibody can bind to the hiv specific antibody if no secondary antigen is present these will get washed away and then a substrate solution is added

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7
Q

Ethical issues with monoclonal antibodies

A

B cells from animals are used animal testing issues

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