Antibodies in Medicine 2C Flashcards
What is a monoclonal antibody
An antibody produced from 2 genetically identical b cells
What is the ELIZA test used for
Medical treatment and diagnostics
What are monoclonal antibodies used for in medicine
Diagnostic tests and treatment
Types of ELISA test
Indirect and direct
Describe the direct ELISA test
Uses a single antibody complementary to an antigen
Antigens from a patients sample are attached to the inside of a well on a well plate
A detection antibody complementary to the antigen is added
If the antigen is present then it will be immobilised
Sample is then washed out to remove any unbound antigens
A substrate is added which reacts with the enzyme to produce a colour change
Describe the indirect ELISA test
HIV antigen is bound to the bottom of the well in a well plate
A sample of the patients blood plasma is added to the well
If the HIV antibodies are present these will bind to the antigen and then the well is washed out
A secondary antibody is then added with a specific antibody attached the secondary antibody can bind to the hiv specific antibody if no secondary antigen is present these will get washed away and then a substrate solution is added
Ethical issues with monoclonal antibodies
B cells from animals are used animal testing issues