Active Transport 2B

Question 1

Define Active Transport

Answer 1

The net movement of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. Uses carrier proteins and requires energy from ATP produced by aerobic respiration

Question 2

What type of process is active transport

Answer 2

An active process

Question 3

How is energy produced from ATP in active transport

Answer 3

ATP is hydrolysed into ADP and PI the energy is released due to the phosphate bond breaking

Question 4

Differences between active transport and facilitated diffusion

Answer 4

Facilitated diffusion does not require energy from ATP whereas active transport does

Active transport is the net movement of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration whereas facilitated diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Facilitated diffusion goes down the concentration gradient whereas active transport goes against the concentration gradient

Facilitated diffusion uses channel and carrier proteins whereas active transport uses a type of carrier protein called a co-transporter

Question 5

Factors which affect the rate of active transport

Answer 5

Speed of then individual carrier proteins - the faster they work the faster the rate of active transport
Number of carrier proteins present - the more proteins there are the faster the rate of active transport
Rate of respiration in the cell and the availability of ATP. - If respiration is inhibited, active transport can’t take place

Decreasing the concentration gradient has no effect

Question 6

How do co transporters work

Answer 6

Co transporters - type of carrier protein
Bind two molecules at a time
Concentration gradient of one of the molecules is used to move the other molecule against its own concentration gradient
Energy from ATP is used to change the shape of the co transporter