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Infectious Disease > Antibiotics Others > Flashcards

Antibiotics Others Flashcards

1
Q

Lipopeptides and Glycopeptides

A

Vancomycin

PK/PD: AUC/MIC (PO not absorbed)

Forms: IV, PO (not absorbed)

Renal: Yes (TDM)

ADR/DDI: Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity, Red Man Synd

Tx: MRSA

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2
Q

Lipopeptides and Glycopeptides

A

Daptomycin

PK/PD: Cmax/MIC (Do not use for PNA)

Forms: IV

Renal: Yes

ADR/DDI: CPK (Creatine Phosphokinase)/Rhabdomyolysis, Eosinophilic PNA

Tx: MRSA, VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococcus) both vanA and vanB, Do not use for PNA (pneumonia) bc it is deactivated by lung serfactants

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3
Q

Lipopeptides and Glycopeptides

A

Telavancin

PK/PD:

Forms: IV

Renal: Yes

ADR/DDI: Nephrotoxicity, Increased mortality, QTc prolongation

Tx: MRSA, VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococcus) vanB only

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4
Q

Lipopeptides and Glycopeptides

A

Dalbavancin

PK/PD: Long T 1/2 (single dose therapy)

Forms: IV

Renal: Yes

ADR/DDI: Red Man Synd

Tx: MRSA, VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococcus) vanB only

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5
Q

Lipopeptides and Glycopeptides

A

Oritavancin

PK/PD: Long T 1/2 (single dose therapy)

Forms: IV

Renal:

ADR/DDI: Red Man Synd

Tx: MRSA, VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococcus) both vanA and vanB

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6
Q

Polymyxins

A

Polymyxin B

PK/PD:

Forms: IV

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Nephrotoxicity, Neurotoxicity

Tx: PsA, Reserved for MDR (major drug resistant) organisms

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7
Q

Polymyxins

A

Colistin

PK/PD:

Forms: IV or inhalation

Renal: Yes

ADR/DDI: Nephrotoxicity, Neurotoxicity, Bronchospasm (inhalation)

Tx: PsA, Reserved for MDR (major drug resistant) organisms

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8
Q

Fosfomycin

A

Fosfomycin

PK/PD: Long T 1/2 (single dose for cystitis)

Forms: PO (sachet of powder)

Renal: Yes

ADR/DDI:

Tx: Urinary Enterics

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9
Q

Macrolides

A

Azithromycin

PK/PD: Static

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI:

Tx: Strep, Atypicals

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10
Q

Macrolides

A

Clarithromycin

PK/PD: Static

Forms: PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: CYP3A4 Inhib

Tx: Strep, Atypicals

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11
Q

Macrolides

A

Erythromycin

PK/PD: Static

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: CYP 3A4 Inhib, Diarrhea, QTc prolongation

Tx: Strep, Atypicals

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12
Q

Macrolides

A

Fidaxomicin

PK/PD: Static

Forms: PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI:

Tx: C. difficile

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13
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Gentamicin

PK/PD: Cmax/MIC (GP synergy with conventional dosing vs QD dosing)

Forms: IV

Renal: Yes (TDM)

ADR/DDI: Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity

Tx: Broad spectrum Enteric, PsA, Can have GP w/Synergy

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14
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Tobramycin

PK/PD: Cmax/MIC (GP synergy with conventional dosing vs QD dosing)

Forms: IV, inhaled

Renal: Yes (TDM)

ADR/DDI: Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity

Tx: Broad spectrum Enteric, PsA, Can have GP w/Synergy

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15
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Amikacin

PK/PD: Cmax/MIC (GP synergy with conventional dosing vs QD dosing)

Forms: IV

Renal: Yes (TDM)

ADR/DDI: Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity

Tx: Broad spectrum Enteric, PsA, Can have GP w/Synergy

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16
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Streptomycin

PK/PD: Cmax/MIC (GP synergy with conventional dosing vs QD dosing)

Forms: IV

Renal: Yes (TDM)

ADR/DDI: Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity

Tx: Mainly TB

17
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Doxycycline

PK/PD: Static

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Sclerosing (PO - esophagitis, IV - phlebitis), Photosensitivity, Divalent cations DDI, Tissue discoloration

Tx: Strep, CA-MRSA, Atypicals

18
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Minocycline

PK/PD: Static

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Sclerosing (PO - esophagitis, IV - phlebitis), Photosensitivity, Divalent cations DDI, Tissue discoloration

Tx: Strep, CA-MRSA, Atypicals

19
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Tetracycline

PK/PD: Static

Forms: PO

Renal: Yes

ADR/DDI: Sclerosing (PO - esophagitis, IV - phlebitis), Photosensitivity, Divalent cations DDI, Tissue discoloration

Tx: Strep, CA-MRSA, Atypicals

20
Q

Glycylcyclines

A

Tigecycline

PK/PD: Static

Forms: IV

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Severe N/V, Increased mortality

Tx: VRE, MRSA, Broad spectrum enteric anaerobes, atypicals

21
Q

Lincosamides

A

Clindamycin

PK/PD: Static (inhibits toxin production)

Forms: IV, PO (IV dose > PO dose)

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: N/V, Infectious diarrhea (C. difficile)

Tx: Strep, CA-MRSA, Anaerobes

22
Q

Oxazolidinones

A

Linezolid

PK/PD: Static (inhibits toxin production)

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Thrombocytopenia, Mitochondrial toxicity (PN, Optic N, Lactic Acid), Serotonergic DDI

Tx: Strep, MRSA, VRE

23
Q

Oxazolidinones

A

Tedizolid

PK/PD: Static (inhibits toxin production)

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Thrombocytopenia, Mitochondrial toxicity (PN, Optic N, Lactic Acid), Serotonergic DDI

Tx: Strep, MRSA, VRE

24
Q

Streptogrammins

A

Quinopristin + Dalfopristin

PK/PD:

Forms: IV

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Myalgias, Phlebitis, Hyperbilirubinemia, CYP450 Inhib

Tx: Strep, MRSA, VRE

25
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Ciprofloxacin

PK/PD: Cmax/MIC

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: Yes

ADR/DDI: Tendonitis, Cartilage toxicity (pregnancy and pediatrics), Photosensitivity, QTc prolongation, Divalent cation DDI

Tx: PsA (Anti-PsA), Atypicals (All FQs)

26
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Levofloxacin

PK/PD: Cmax/MIC

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: Yes

ADR/DDI: Tendonitis, Cartilage toxicity (pregnancy and pediatrics), Photosensitivity, QTc prolongation, Divalent cation DDI

Tx: S. pneumo (Respiratory), PsA (Anti-PsA), Atypicals (All FQs)

27
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Moxifloxacin

PK/PD: Cmax/MIC

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Tendonitis, Cartilage toxicity (pregnancy and pediatrics), Photosensitivity, QTc prolongation, Divalent cation DDI

Tx: S. pneumo (Respiratory), Anaerobes (anaerobic), Atypicals (All FQs)

28
Q

Antifolates

A

TMP/SMX

PK/PD: Cidal 5:1 to 20:1 ratio synergy dose in TMP

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: Yes

ADR/DDI: Rash (includes SJS and TEN), Hyperkalemia, Cytopenia, G6PD deficiency, CYP2C9 inhib (warf)

Tx: CA-MRSA

29
Q

Nitroimidazoles

A

Metronidazole

PK/PD: Cidal

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Metallic taste, Disulfiram Rxn

Tx: Anaerobes

30
Q

Rifamycins

A

Rifampin

PK/PD: Cidal, Biofilm penetrate

Forms: IV, PO

Renal: No

ADR/DDI: Red - Orange fluids, CYP3A4 inducer, Hepatitis

Tx: Strep, MRSA

31
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

Nitrofurantoin

PK/PD: Rapid clearance to urine (do not use Pyelo)

Forms: PO

Renal: Yes (Contraindicated CrCl < 60 ml/min)

ADR/DDI: G6PD deficiency, High toxicity (pulmonary fibrosis) in renal failure

Tx: Enterics

Infectious Disease (3 decks)

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