Antibiotics, Antimicrobials, and Resistance - Robison Flashcards
What are chemotherapeutic agents?
drugs that act against disease
What are antimicrobial drugs?
drugs that fight against infection
What are antibiotics?
drugs that come from microorganisms that kill or inhibit the growth of other microbes
How do penicillins, cephalosporins, vancomyocin, and penems kill microbes?
inhibits cell wall synthesis
What common drugs inhibit ribosomes?
erythromyocin, clindamyosin, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, chloramephinol
What do rifampin, sulfa drugs, quiolones, and nucloside analogs all have in common?
they all inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
What drugs inhibit metabolic pathways?
sulfa drugs, trimethoprim, amantadine
What drugs alter membrane permeability?
nystatin, amphoteracin B, polymyxins
How do the drugs inhibit cell wall synthesis?
Will not allow crosslinkage of NAM units
What do all drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis contain in their chemical structure?
Beta-lactams
What is unique about bacitracin?
topical use only!
Why is it not good to use too much drugs that have to do with protein synthesis?
Most prokaryotic ribosomes that are targeted are 70s, but eukaryotic mitochondrial ribosomes are also 70s
How do cell membrane drugs affect the microbe?
Cell membrane drugs can easily enter into the cell membrane and compromise its integrity and also change what goes in and out of the cell
What is special about amphoteracin B?
it creates pores in the cell membrane
What is an ideal antimicrobial agent?
readily avaliable, inexpensive, chemically stable, easily administered, nontoxic and non allergic, selective
