Antibiotics

Question 1

Abx to avoid in breastfeeding

Answer 1

Tetracycline
Nitrofurantoin 
Fluroquinolones 
Sulfonamides 
Metronidazole

Question 2

Abx to avoid in pregnancy

Answer 2

Tetracycline
Fluroquinolones
Nitrofurantoin (in last trimester)
Septra (in last trimester)
Macrolides

Question 3

MRSA abs

Answer 3

Vancomycin
Rifampin
TMP-SMX
Clindamycin

Question 4

Pencillin Coverage

Answer 4

HHELPSSS destroy enterococci
H pylori
H.influenza
E coli
Listeria
Proteus
Salmonella
Shigella
Spirochetes

Question 5

Third Generation Cephalosporin with Pseudomonas coverage

Answer 5

Ceftazidime

Question 6

Cephalosporins don’t act against….

Answer 6

LAME
Listeria
Atypicals: Mycoplasma pnuemoniae
Chlamydia pneumoniae. Legionella pneumophila
MRSA
Enterococci

Question 7

Penicillins act by?

Answer 7

Preventing bacterial cell wall synthesis - inhibit transpeptidases

Question 8

Cephalosporins act by?

Answer 8

The exact same way as penicillins - cell wall synthesis inhibition

Question 9

Macrolides act by

Answer 9

Binding the 50S ribosomes of bacterial organisms

Question 10

Aminoglycosides

Answer 10

Inhibit 30S ribosomes of bacterial proteins

Question 11

Adverse effects of aminoglycosides?

Answer 11

Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

Question 12

Major warning for fluroquinolones?

Answer 12

Risk of tendon rupture

Question 13

Tetracyclines risk

Answer 13

Teeth discolouration, photosensitivity

Question 14

TMP-Sulfa acts by?

Answer 14

Preventing the synthesis of folic acid

Question 15

First line treatment of non-complicated CAP adult pneumonia?

Answer 15

Amoxicillin. Second line - Azithromycin, doxycycline.

Question 16

Treatment for CAP outpatient with comorbidities

Answer 16

Amoxicillin + macrolide or tetracycline (doxy) . If allergic - use moxifloxacin

Question 17

Abx for severe hospitalized pneumonia?

Answer 17

Ceftrixone + macrolide or doxy

Question 18

Abx for meningitis

Answer 18

Either cefotaxime or ceftriaxone +/- ampicillin IV +/- vancomycin depending on age (over 50) and risk factors.

Question 19

Meningitis Post exposure prophylaxis?

Answer 19

If HiB - rifampin

If meningococcal - one dose cipro

Question 20

Sinusitis abx?

Answer 20

Amoxicillin

Question 21

Otitis externa abx?

Answer 21

Ciprodex drops

Can try OTC - polysporin drops

Question 22

Eye infection?

Answer 22

Erythromycin .5% ointment

Question 23

Impetigo abx?

Answer 23

For localized disease - mupirocin cream or fusidic acid 2% cream

For more systemic can use Keflex

Question 24

Cellulitis abx?

Answer 24

Mild - cephalexin

Severe or facial - Cefazolin IV

Question 25

Lyme disease abx?

Answer 25

Doxycycline

Question 26

Anaerobic infection - abx?

Answer 26

Metronidazole - gut and vagina

Clindamycin - everywhere else

Question 27

First line for C.Dif?

Answer 27

Vancomycin (used to be metronidazole)

Question 28

MRSA - what can you treat with?

Answer 28

Vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid

Fluoroquinolones do not help!

Question 29

Pseudomonas what can you treat with?

Answer 29

Pip-tazo, cipro, ceftazadime (3rd Gen) and the -penems

Question 30

Tx for H.Pylori?

Answer 30

Quadruple therapy - PPI + bismuth subsailcylate, metronidazole, tetracycline

Question 31

Tx for travellers diarrhea?

Answer 31

Mild, no blood - loperamide and pepto

Moderate to severe - norfloxacin or other fluoroquinolone

Question 32

Uncomplicated UTI tx?

Answer 32

Macrobid, TMP-SMX, Amoxicillin

Question 33

Pyelonephritis

Answer 33

Usually admit IV cipro

Or if mild TMP-SMX oral cipro in community

Question 34

Trich infection tx?

Answer 34

Metronidazole

Question 35

No EtOH if you are on this abx?

Answer 35

Metronidazole