Antibiotics Flashcards
What does puromycin do?
Terminates elongation prematurely.
What does chloramphenicol do?
Inhibits peptidyl transferase. Used in low income countries. No longer used in developing countries due to increased resistance and worries about safety.
What does erythromycin, a macrolide, do?
Inhibits translocation (prevents amino-acyl transfer in the 50s subunit).
What does tetracycline do?
Inhibits aa-tRNA binding.
What do aminoglycosides, including streptomycin, do?
Inhibits initiation.
What do beta-lactams, including methicillin and penicillin, do?
They interfere with the synthesis of the peptidoglycan component of bacterial cell walls.
What does rifampicin do and which is compliance low?
It is bactericidal: it targets a subunit of RNA polymerase. It makes secretions go orange/red (urine, sweat).
What does linezolid do?
It is bacteriostatic. it inhibits initiation by binding to the 50s rRNA subunit.
What does vancomycin do?
It is bactericidal. It targets the lipid II component of cell wall synthesis and wall crosslinking via D-ala residues.
What does daptomycin do?
Targets bacterial cell membrane.
What family of antibiotics does vancomycin belong to?
Glycopeptides.
What does Moxifloxacin, a quinolone, do?
It interferes with bacterial DNA replication by targeting DNA gyrase.
