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Pharmacology > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

G- coverage

A 
Aminopenicillins 
Antipseudomonal penicillins
Cephalosporins 
Tetracyclines
Macrolides
Aminoglycosides 
Fluoroquinilones
Sulfonamide
Rifamycin
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2
Q

Atypical coverage

A

Tetracyclines
Macrolides
2-4th gen fluoroquinilones
Rifamycin

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3
Q

Pseudomonal coverage

A

Abtipseudomonals
4th gen cephalosporins
Aminoglycosides
2nd gen fluoroquinilones in lungs

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4
Q

Very narrow spectrum

A

1st gen fluoroquinilones
Anti staphylococcal penicillins
Monobactams

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5
Q

Cell wall active agent MOA

A 
Natural pcn 
Anti staphylococcal pcn
Aminopenicillins 
Anti pseudomonal pcn
Cephalosporins 
Glycopeptide
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6
Q

Inhibit protein synthesis MOA

A 
Tetracyclines
Macrolides
Lincosamide
Oxazoidinone
Aminoglycosides
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7
Q

Inhibit DNA replication MOA

A

Fluoroquinilones

Nitroimidazole

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8
Q

Inhibit folate synthesis MOA

A

Sulfinamide

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9
Q

Inhibits rna synthesis MOA

A

Rifamycin

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10
Q

NO MSSA coverage

A

Nitroimidazole
1st gen fluoroquinilones
Tetracyclines
Natural pcn

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11
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

Tetracyclines
Macrolides
Oxazolidinone
Sulfonamide

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12
Q

Penicillin MOA

A

Inhibit cross linking of peptidoglycan units Bc PBP/transpeptidase
Only works in growing cells

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13
Q

PCN G

A

IV only

DOC for syphilis

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14
Q

PCN V

A

Orally active

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15
Q

Antistaphylococcal PCN

A

Penicillinase resistant

Only treats MSSA

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16
Q

Beta lactamase inhibitor purpose

A

Bacteria produce beta lactamase which destroyed the beta lactam of PCNs when they get inside the cell. Inhibitors stop beta lactamase action and allow the drugs to work.
Examples are bactam, clavulanic acid, sulbactam

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17
Q

Aminopenicillin drugs

A

Ampicillin (w sulbactam)

Amoxicillin ( w clavulanic acid)

18
Q

Antipseudomonal drugs

A

Piperacillin
Ticaricillin
Carbenicillin
Combine piperacillin w tazobactam for MSSA coverage

19
Q

Antipseudomonal characteristics

A

Good gn activity
Work against p. Aeruginosa
Empirically used in nosocomial infections

20
Q

Monobactams

A

Can use even if PCN allergy

Only gn rod coverage

21
Q

Cephalosporin generation drugs

A

1st cephalexin cefazolin
2nd cefuroxime cefaclor cefoxitin cefotetan
3rd cefdinir ceftriaxone ( used for gonorrhea tx, not renally cleared) ceftazidime
4th cefepime
5th ceftatoline

22
Q

2nd gen cephalosporins

A

Anaerobe coverage

Cefotetan has disulfiram like rxn and bleeding disorders

23
Q

Vancomycin MOA

A

Inhibits cell wall
MRSA coverage
2nd line c diff tx

24
Q

Vancomycin adverse effect

A

Red man syndrome when given too fast

25
Q

Tetracycline drugs

A

Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Minocycline

26
Q

Tetracycline MOA

A

Inhibits protein synthesis
Static
Tx acne and rickettsial disease

27
Q

Tetracycline side effects

A

GI upset
Growth issues
Tooth discoloration and enamel dysplasia
Sun sensitivity

28
Q

Macrolide drugs

A

Erythromycin (poorly absorbed)
Azithromycin (good for atypical bac)
Clarithromycin

29
Q

Macrolide side effects

A

GI upset

QT prolongation

30
Q

Macrolide MOA

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

Static

31
Q

Clindamycin

A

Static or cidal
Can cause c diff
Covers anaerobes

32
Q

Aminoglycoside drugs

A

Gentamycin
Tobramycin
Amikacin

33
Q

Aminoglycoside MOA

A

Cidal

Used w beta lactamas or vanco

34
Q

Aminoglycoside side effects

A

Preg cat c/d
Ototoxic
Nephrotoxic

35
Q

Fluoroquinilone generations

A

1st poor tissue penetration
2nd ciprofloxacin atypical broad spectrum
3rd levofloxacin covers s pneumo
4th moxifloxacin anaerobe coverage

36
Q

Fluoroquinilone MOA

A

Interference with topoisomerase

Cidal

37
Q

Fluoroquinilone side effects

A

Tendon rupture
QT prolongation
Headache dizziness
Photosensitivity

38
Q

Sulfonamide side effects

A

Crystaluria
Rashes
Kernicterus of newborns
Drug interactions

39
Q

Sulfonamide MOA

A

Inhibits folic acid synthesis
Static
Treats MRSA and E. coli UTI
Synergism

40
Q

Metronidazole

A 
Cidal 
Treats anaerobes and Protozoa
Disulfiram like rxn
1st line txt for c diff
Used in vag infections
41
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

Used for lower UTI

Watch in renal patients

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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