Antibiotics

Question 1

Most appropriate first-line treatment for pneumonia possibly caused by atypical pathogens?

Answer 1

Clarithromycin

Question 2

Abx for uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia?

Answer 2

Amoxicillin (Doxycycline or clarithromycin in penicillin allergic, add flucloxacillin if staphylococci suspected e.g. In influenza)

Question 3

Hospital-acquired pneumonia within 5 days of admission:

Answer 3

co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime

Question 4

Hospital-acquired pneumonia more than 5 days after admission:

Answer 4

piperacillin with tazobactam OR
a broad-spectrum cephalosporin (e.g. ceftazidime) OR
a quinolone (e.g. ciprofloxacin)

Question 5

Rx for chronic bronchitis exacerbations

Answer 5

Amoxicillin or tetracycline or clarithromycin

Question 6

Lower urinary tract infection (and alternative Rx?)

Answer 6

Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin. Alternative: amoxicillin or cephalosporin

Question 7

Abx for acute pyelonephritis?

Answer 7

Broad-spectrum cephalosporin or quinolone

Question 8

Abx for acute prostatitis?

Answer 8

Quinolone or trimethoprim

Question 9

Abx for skin impetigo? (Staph aureus, sometimes Strep. pyogenes)

Answer 9

Topical fusidic acid (can cause jaundice - cholestatic), oral flucloxacillin or erythromycin if widespread

Question 10

Phenoxymethylpenicillin (erythromycin if penicillin-allergic)

Answer 10

Flucloxacillin (clarithromycin or clindomycin if penicillin-allergic)

Question 11

Co-amoxiclav (doxycycline + metronidazole if penicillin-allergic)

Answer 11

Phenoxymethylpenicillin (erythromycin if penicillin-allergic)

Question 12

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Answer 12

Co-amoxiclav (doxycycline + metronidazole if penicillin-allergic)

Question 13

Throat infections

Answer 13

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Question 14

Throat infections if penicillin allergic

Answer 14

(erythromycin alone if penicillin-allergic)

Question 15

Sinusitis Abx

Answer 15

Amoxicillin or doxycycline or erythromycin

Question 16

Otitis media Abx

Answer 16

Amoxicillin (erythromycin if penicillin-allergic)

Question 17

Otitis externa Abx

Answer 17

Flucloxacillin (erythromycin if penicillin-allergic)

Question 18

Gonorrhea

Answer 18

Intramuscular ceftriaxone + oral azithromycin

Question 19

Chlamydia Abx

Answer 19

Doxycycline (photosensitivity, not when pregnant, psych. side effects) or azithromycin

Question 20

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Answer 20

Oral ofloxacin + oral metronidazole
or
intramuscular ceftriaxone + oral doxycycline + oral metronidazole

Question 21

Syphilis

Answer 21

Benzathine benzylpenicillin or doxycycline or erythromycin

Question 22

Which antibiotic to add in CAP if staph suspected (eg. post influenza)?

Answer 22

add flucloxacillin (to amoxicillin)

Question 23

eg of a broad spectrum ceph?

Answer 23

ceftazidime (for severe HA pneumonia)

Question 24

Bacterial vaginosis

Answer 24

Oral or topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin