Antibiotics Flashcards
What is the MoA of penicillins? Are they bacteriocidal or -static? Concentration or time dependent?
Inhibit cell wall synthesis by binding penicillin binding proteins. Cidal. Time-dependent
What is the MoA of cephalosporins? Are they bacteriocidal or -static? Concentration or time dependent?
Inhibit cell wall synthesis. Cidal. Time-dependent
What is the MoA of carbapenems? Are they bacteriocidal or -static? Concentration or time dependent?
Inhibit cell wall synthesis. Cidal. Time-dependent.
What is the MoA of fluoroquinolones? Are they bacteriocidal or -static? Concentration or time dependent?
Nucleic acid/DNA synthesis inhibitor - inhibit topoisomerase II and IV. Cidal. Concentration-dependent.
What is the MoA of glycopeptides? Are they bacteriocidal or -static? Concentration or time dependent?
Inhibit cell wall synthesis. Cidal. Time-dependant.
What is the MoA of lincosamides? Are they bacteriocidal or -static? Concentration or time dependent?
Inhibit protein synthesis (50S ribosome). Static. Time-dependent.
What is the MoA of chloramphenicol? -cidal or -static? Time or conentration dependent?
Inhibits protein synthesis (50s ribosome). Static. Time-dependent.
What is the MoA of macrolides? - static or -cidal? time or concentration dependent?
Inhibit protein synthesis (50s ribosome). Static. Time-dependent.
What is the MoA of metronidazole? - cidal or static? time or concentration dependent?
Inhibits nucleic acid/DNA synthesis - causes strand breaks and inhibits DNAase1. Cidal. Concentration-dependent.
What is the MoA of tetracyclines? cidal or static? time or concentration dependent?
Inhibit protein synthesis (30s ribosome). Static. Time-dependent.
What is the MoA of polymixins? - cidal or static? time or concentration dependent
Targets cell-membrane function by disturbing phospholipids. Cidal. Time-dependent
What is the MoA of aminoglycosides? - cidal or static? time or concentration dependent?
Inhibit protein synthesis (30s ribosome). Cidal. Concentration-dependent.
What is the MoA of sulfa drugs? cidal or static? time or concentration dependent?
Inhibit folic acid synthesis for nucleic acid synthesis. Static (Trimethoprim +Sulfa [TMS) is cidal). Time dependent.
What is the MoA of rifamycin? cidal or static? time or concentration dependent?
Inhibits B subunits of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, suppresses RNA synthesis. Cidal. Concentration-dependent for mycobacterium. Unknown for other tissues?
Which Abx concentrate in bile?
Clindamycin, erythromycin, doxycycline, rifampin
Which Abx cross the BBB?
Chloramphenicol, sulfonamides/trimethoprim, fluoroquinolones, metronidazole, 3rd generation cephalosporins
What Abx cross the BBB with meningitis?
Penicillins, doxycycline/minocycline, rifampin, erythromycin
Which Abx do NOT enter CSF?
Aminoglycosides, clindamycin, 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins, vancomycin
Which Abx penetrate the prostate?
Fluoroquinolones, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, TMS, doxycycline, erythromycin
Which Abx are concentration dependent?
Fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, azithromycin, metronidazole, rifampin (for mycobacterium)
