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MRCOG > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Name 7-11 classes of antibiotics

A

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Glycopeptides

Macrolides
Aminoglycosides
Tetrcyclines

Quinolones
Nitrimidazoles
Trimethoprim
Nitrofurantoin

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2
Q

Describe the MoA of penicillins and name related classes

A

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors
Inhibit PBPs which are required for peptidoglycan cross-linking
-Similar are cephalosporins and carbapenems. Glycopeptides also inhibit cell wall synthesis

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3
Q

Describe the MoA of aminoglycosides

A

Bind the 30S ribosomal subunit, prevent protein synthesis

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4
Q

Describe the MoA of macrolides

A

Bind the 50S ribosomal subunit, prevent protein synthesis

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5
Q

Describe the MoA of tetracyclines

A

Bind the 30S ribosomal subunit, prevent protein synthesis

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6
Q

Describe the MoA of trimethoprim

A

Inhibit dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting THF synthesis (folic acid precursor) and DNA synthesis

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7
Q

Describe the MoA of quinolones

A

Inhibit DNA gyrase -> DNA synthesis

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8
Q

Describe the MoA of nitrofurantoin

A

Produces reactive intermediaries which damage DNA

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9
Q

Which antibiotic classes inhibit protein synthesis?

A

Tetracyclines, macrolides and aminoglycosides

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10
Q

Describe the cover of penicillins

A

Pen: Strep
Fluclox: Staph
Amox: Strep + gram -ve
Co-amox: gram +, gram -ve, anaerobes
Taz: above + Pseudomonas

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11
Q

Describe the cover of cephalosporins and carbapenems

A

Cephalosporins: gram +ve, -ve and Ceftriaxone cover gonorrhoea
Carbapenems: very broad

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12
Q

Describe the cover of glycopeptides

A

Gram +ve only but include MRSA

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13
Q

Describe the cover of aminoglycosides

A

Very broad gram -ve cover

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14
Q

Describe the cover of macrolides

A

Gram +ve, atypicals

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15
Q

Describe the cover of tetracyclines

A

Gram +ve, atypicals

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16
Q

Describe the cover of quinolones

A

Gram +ve, -ve and pseudomonas

17
Q

Which antibiotics have good anaerobic cover?

A

Metronidazole (narrow spectrum)
Co-amoxiclav and Taz
Carbapenems

18
Q

Which antibiotics cover MRSA?

A

Glycopeptides and clindamycin

19
Q

Which antibiotics have good gram +ve cover?

A

Penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems
Glycopeptides
Macrolides + tetracyclines partially
Quinolones

20
Q

Which antibiotics have good gram -ve cover?

A

Co-amox, Taz
Cephalosporins + carbapenems
Aminoglycosides
Quinolones

Nitro, trimethoprim

21
Q

Which antibiotics are safe for use in pregnancy and which are not?

A

Penicillins, cephalosporins + carbapenems
Glycopeptides if needed
Macrolides
Aminoglycosides
Metronidazole

NOT/avoided:
Tetracyclines
Quinolones
Nitrofurantoin AT TERM
Trimethoprim EARLY

22
Q
A

MRCOG (7 decks)

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