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Antimicrobial Pharmacotherapy > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Beta lactam that act as Transpeptidase

A

Penicillin

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2
Q

Bind to PBP and INHIBIT Cross-Linking

A

Penicillin

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3
Q

T or F: Penicillin are Bacteriostatic

A

F
= Bactericidial

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4
Q

Route of Admin of Amoxicillin

A

Oral
IV

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5
Q

Route of Admin of Ampicillin

A

Intramuscular
IV

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6
Q

Penicillin of choice @Pregnant

A

Amoxicillin

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7
Q

Penicillin vs. S.aureus & S.epidermidis

A

Dicloxacillin

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8
Q

Cephalosporins vs. Pseudomonas

A

Cefepime
Cetazimide

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9
Q

Beta Lactam vs Syphilis

A

Penicillin

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10
Q

Beta lactam used at Surgical Prophylaxis

A

Cefazolin

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11
Q

Beta Lactam vs. Meningitis

A

Ceftriaxone (Cephalosporin)

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12
Q

Cephalosporin vs. Lyme

A

Ceftriaxone

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13
Q

Cephalosporins vs. Gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone

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14
Q

Cephalosporin vs Nosocomial Infections

A

Cefepime

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15
Q

Cephalosporins with good BHE penetrance

A

Gen 3 & 4 Cephalosporines

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16
Q

Cephalosporin used vs. Skin Infections

A

Cefazolin (1st gen)

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17
Q

Beta Lactam vs MRSA

A

Ceftroline (5th gen)
Vancomycin
Teicoplanin

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18
Q

Beta Lactam that bind to PBP carbon atom @position 1

A

Carbapenems

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19
Q

Carbapenem used for Tx of Meningitis

A

Meropenem

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20
Q

Beta Lactam vs Nosocomial Infections

A

Cefepime
Carbapenems

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21
Q

Beta Lactam vs Acinobacter infections (ventilator associated pneumonia & pseudomona aeruginosa)

A

Carbapenems

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22
Q

Penicillin that can cause Interstitial Nephritis

A

Dicloxacillin

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23
Q

Type of Penicillin that may cause Hemolytic Anemia

A

Penicillin (V & G)

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24
Q

Type of Penicillin that may cause Psudomembranous colitis due to a superinfection

A

Ampicillin
Amoxicillin

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25
Q

Gen of Cephalosporines vs. UTIs

A

1 & 2

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26
Q

Beta Lactam that can cause as adverse effect Disulfiram Reaction

A

Cephalosporins

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27
Q

Major adverse effect of Carbapenems

A

CNS toxicity —> seizures

  • Imipenem >
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28
Q

Mechanism of resistance of Glycopeptides

A

D-lactate @Tip of Tetrapeptides causing that Glycopeptides ( vancomycin & teicoplanin) can’t bind

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29
Q

When would a Glycopeptide (vancomycin & teicoplanin) be indicated to administer orally?

A

Clostridium dificile infection causing Pseudomembranous colitis

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30
Q

What makes Glycopeptides a more broader spectrum beta Lactam?

A

They don’t act @PBP, which allows them to bypass a PBP mutations

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31
Q

Glycopeptides (vancomycin & teicoplanin) act vs Gram __ bacteria?

A

Positive

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32
Q

Which beta lactam acts vs. MDR gram - ?

A

Polymyxin B
Colistin

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33
Q

T or F: Cephalosporins act vs. Atypical bacteria

A

F

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34
Q

Type of penicillin vs S.pyogenes infections (pharyngitis)

A

Penicillin (G or V)

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35
Q

Beta Lactam used vs. Upper respiratory tract infections (sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media)

A

Amoxicillin

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36
Q

Which beta Lactam must be given with Cilastatin in order to inhibit inactivation of the drug by Dehydropeptidase @Kidney?

A

Imipenem

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37
Q

Beta Lactam indicated when there is MDR of gram + bacteria?

A

Vancomycin
Teicoplanin

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38
Q

Adverse effects of Vancomycin & Teicoplanin

A

Nephrotoxicity
Thrombophlebitis
Red man syndrome
Ototoxicity

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39
Q

Antibiotics indicated for Acne Tx

A

Tetracycline
Clindamycin

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40
Q

1st line antibiotics vs Intracelular Bacteria

A

Tetracyclines

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41
Q

Protein inhibitor indicated at a Tick bite

A

Tetracyclines

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42
Q

Tetracyclines are contraindicated @

A

Pregnancy
Children <8yo
Renal failure

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43
Q

1st line Tx vs Borrelia Burgdorferi

A

Doxycycline
= Lyme disease

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44
Q

Long acting Tetracyclines

A

Doxycycline
Tigecycline

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45
Q

Antibiotic indicated at MRSA and VRE infection

A

Tigecycline
Linezolid

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46
Q

Antibiotics available vs MRSA

A

Ceftroline
Vancomycin
Teicoplanin
Doxycycline
Tigecycline

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47
Q

Mechanism of resistance of Tetracyclines

A

Efflux pump

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48
Q

Antibiotics that whose absorption may be affected if taken with concomitant Mg, Fe or Ca

A

Tetracyclines
Fluoroquinolones

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49
Q

Antibiotic that can be given in Malaria prophylaxis

A

Doxycycline

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50
Q

Bone and Teeth Deposition

A

Tetracyclines

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51
Q

Neuromuscular blockade

A

Aminogycosides

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52
Q

Antibiotic that may cause Fancomi Syndrome

A

Tetracyclines

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53
Q

Antibiotic indicated for Colorectal Surgery prophylaxis

A

Neomycin

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54
Q

Aminoglycoside vs. Tuberculosis

A

Streptomycin

55
Q

Aminogycoside indicated for lung infections, including cystic fibrosis exacerbations

A

Amikacin

56
Q

Ototoxicity

A

Aminogycosides

57
Q

Protein inhibitor vs Endocarditis or Peritonitis

A

Gentamicin

58
Q

Only protein inhibitor that is bactericidial

A

Aminoglycosides

59
Q

Which other antibiotic is synergic with Penicillins?

A

Aminoglycosides

60
Q

Antibiotic vs. Plauge

A

Gentamicin
Streptomycin

61
Q

Protein inhibitor that inhibits the initiation complex by binding to 30s

A

Aminoglycosides

62
Q

Protein synthesis inhibitor indicated at nosocomial sepsis of unknown origin

A

Amikacin

63
Q

Aminoglycosides Contraindications

A

Pregnancy
Myasthenia gravísimo
Botulism

64
Q

Serotonin syndrome

A

Linezolid

65
Q

Gray baby syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

66
Q

Protein inhibitor that inhibits the initiation complex by binding to 50s

A

Linezolid

67
Q

Antibiotic vs Typhoid fever

A

Chloramphenicol

68
Q

Protein inhibitors indicated for MDR tuberculosis

A

Linezolid
Streptomycin

69
Q

Protein inhibitor vs Bacterial conjuntivitis

A

Chloramphenicol

70
Q

Long use of Clindamycin can cause…

A

Superinfection of C.dificile that causes Pseudomembranous colitis

71
Q

50s binding drug that is effective vs anaerobic bacteria @lungs and mouth

A

Clindamycin

72
Q

Protein inhibitor vs Toxoplasmosis encephalitis

A

Clindamycin

73
Q

T or F: Clindamycin is safe during pregnancy

A

F

= it’s contraindicated during the first trimester

74
Q

Protein inhibitor that can cause Bone Marrow suppression leading to aplastic anemia

A

Chloramphenicol

75
Q

Antibiotics that INHIBIT CYP450

A

Chloramphenicol
Fluoroquinolones
Iosiniazid
Antimetabolites (Sullfadiazine & TMP/SMX)

76
Q

Only antibiotic that INDUCES CYP450

A

Rifampin

77
Q

Antibiotic vs Lymphogranuloma venerum

A

Tetracyclines

78
Q

Antibiotic vs Chlamydia infection

A

Tetracyclines
Azithromycin

79
Q

Adverse effects of Linezolid

A

Serotonin syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy
Bone marrow suppression

80
Q

Protein inhibitor that inhibits Peptidyltranderase and therefore inhibits elongation

A

Chloramphenicol

81
Q

Protein inhibitor vs Whooping cough

A

Macrolides

82
Q

Antibiotic vs Erysipellas & Celulitis

A

Erythromycin
Clarithromycin

83
Q

Antibiotic used as HIV prophylaxis

A

Azitromycin
Clarithromycin

84
Q

Protein inhibitor vs. H.pylori (gastritis)

A

Clarithromycin

85
Q

Antibiotic vs Diphteria

A

Erythromycin

86
Q

Antibiotic vs Mycobacterium avium

A

Azithromycin
Clarithromycin

87
Q

T or F: Macrolides aren’t indicated during Pregnancy

A

T

88
Q

Antibiotics that can cause QT prolongation —> arrhythmias

A

Macrolides
Fluoroquinolones

89
Q

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

A

Macrolides

90
Q

Mechanism of resistance of Macrolides

A

Efflux pumps

91
Q

MOA of Fluoroquinolones

A

Inhibit:
Tipoisomerase IV
DNA gyrase

That lead to SUPERCOILING

92
Q

-floxacin

A

Fluoroquinolones

93
Q

Respiratory Fluoroquinolones

A

Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin

94
Q

Fluoroquinolone vs MDR Tuberculosis

A

Moxifloxacin

95
Q

Which antibiotic decreases its absorption by concomitant use of anti acids

A

Fluoroquinolones

96
Q

Damage to growing cartilage

A

Fluoroquinolones

97
Q

Protein inhibitor that may cause Photosensitivity and Tinitus

A

Tetracyclines

98
Q

Antibiotic that may cause Acute Cholestatic Hepatitis

A

Macrolides

99
Q

Antibiotic for Prohylaxis of Burn infections

A

Sulfadiazine

100
Q

1st line of Tx vs P.jirovecci infections @HIV px

A

Trimoethropin Sulfamethoxazole

101
Q

Antibiotic that inhibit DHPR (duhydropteroate reductase)

A

Trimethropin Sulfamethaxole

102
Q

Fluoroquinole vs Gram - rods (UTI & GI infections)

A

Ciprofloxacin

103
Q

Tendinitis

A

Fluoroquinolones

104
Q

T or F: Trimoethropin Sulfamathoxazole work vs MRSA

A

T

105
Q

TMP/SMX indications

A

Travelers Diarrhea
Pneumonia (H.influenzae f Moraxella)
P.jirovecin@HIV Px
MRSA

106
Q

Antibiotic that may cause Juandice & Kernicterus @Babies

A

Sulfadiazine

107
Q

Hemolysis @G6PD deficiency

A

Sulfadiazine

108
Q

Antibiotics that cause Steven-Johnson’s Syndrome

A

Fluoroquinolones
Sulfadiazine

109
Q

Tuberculosis Tx Scheme

A

Intensive Phase: 2 MONTHS
RIPE

Continuation Phase: 4 MONTHS
Rifamoin
Isoniazid

110
Q

Prophylaxis of Tuberculosis

A

Rifampin
Isoniazid

111
Q

Only Tuberculosis drug that can be given as Monotherapy

A

Isoniazid

112
Q

Antibiotic that causes Red-orange discoloration of body fluids

A

Rifampin

113
Q

What is the indication given to a Px with HIV that is about to start their Tuberculosis Tx

A

Change Rifampin to Rifabutin

= because it has less potential of inducing CYP450

114
Q

Tuberculosis drug that is also used in the Tx of Leprosy

A

Rifampin

115
Q

Tuberculosis drug that may cause Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

A

Isoniazid

116
Q

Tuberculosis drug that act by inhibiting mycobacteria RNA polymerase

A

Rifampin

117
Q

Tuberculosis drug that act by inhibiting mycobacterial peroxidase

A

Isoniazid

118
Q

Antibiotic that may cause Vit.6 deficiency

A

Isoniazid

119
Q

Sideroblastic anemia

A

Isoniazid

Due to vit.6 deficiency

120
Q

Tuberculosis drug that act by inhibiting arabinosyltransferase

A

Ethambuthol

121
Q

Antibiotic that may cause Optic Neuritis

A

Ethambuthol

122
Q

Antibiotics that may cause Hyperuricemia that can lead to Gout

A

Pyrazinamid
Ethambuthol

123
Q

Contraindications of Pyrazinamide

A

Hepatic failure
Acute gout

124
Q

T or F: Ethambuthol is indicated in children

A

F

125
Q

Cycloserine indications

A

MDR TB
MAC
UTI

126
Q

Indications of Ethionamide

A

MDR TB
XDR TB
MAC

127
Q

Which Leprosy drug is not active vs Tuberculoid leprosy?

A

Clofazime

128
Q

Antibiotic that causes black/brown discoloration

A

Clofzamine

129
Q

Antibiotic that may cause Methemglobinemia

A

Dapsone

130
Q

Antibiotic for inflammatory or postular dermatoses

A

Clofzamine

131
Q

Fatal mononucleosis like syndrome

A

Dapsone

132
Q

Antibiotic that’s competitive antagonist of PABA

A

Dapsone

133
Q

Other indications of Dapsone besides Leprosy Tx

A

P.jirovecci
Toxoplasmosis
Plasmodium falciparum

Antimicrobial Pharmacotherapy (4 decks)

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