Antibiotic Focussed Questions Flashcards
A cow presents with retained foetal membranes and signs of metritis. You suspect a bacterial infection involving Trueperella pyogenes. Which antibiotic is the most appropriate choice for systemic treatment?
A) Oxytetracycline
B) Amoxicillin/clavulanate
C) Florfenicol
D) Enrofloxacin
B) Amoxicillin/clavulanate
A sow has post-parturient metritis-mastitis-agalactia (MMA) syndrome. Which antibiotic class is commonly used in treatment?
A) Aminoglycosides
B) Macrolides
C) Penicillins
D) Fluoroquinolones
C) Penicillins
A farmer wants to prevent post-parturient infections in cows. What is the most appropriate antimicrobial strategy?
A) Blanket intrauterine antibiotic therapy
B) Selective antibiotic use based on retained placenta signs
C) Prophylactic systemic fluoroquinolones in all cows post-calving
D) No antibiotic use, focus on hygiene and nutrition
B) Selective antibiotic use based on retained placenta signs
A neonatal calf has severe diarrhoea caused by E. coli. Which antibiotic should be avoided due to resistance concerns?
A) Aminoglycosides
B) Fluoroquinolones
C) Penicillins
D) Sulfonamides
B) Fluoroquinolones
A pig farm has an outbreak of post-weaning diarrhoea due to Lawsonia intracellularis. What is the first-line antibiotic for herd treatment?
A) Macrolides (Tylosin)
B) Fluoroquinolones
C) 1st-generation cephalosporins
D) Metronidazole
A) Macrolides (Tylosin)
A calf is diagnosed with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) caused by Mannheimia haemolytica. Which antibiotic is commonly used for metaphylaxis?
A) Enrofloxacin
B) Tulathromycin (Macrolide)
C) Tetracyclines
D) Penicillin
B) Tulathromycin (Macrolide)
A piglet presents with respiratory distress and is diagnosed with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. What is the first-line treatment?
A) Beta-lactams (Penicillin G)
B) Aminoglycosides
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Tylosin (Macrolide)
D) Tylosin (Macrolide)
Which antibiotic is most appropriate for treating severe pneumonia caused by Histophilus somni in cattle?
A) Florfenicol
B) Trimethoprim-sulphonamide
C) Amoxicillin
D) Gentamicin
A) Florfenicol
A dairy cow has interdigital necrobacillosis (foul in the foot) due to Fusobacterium necrophorum. What is the best antibiotic choice?
A) Penicillin G
B) Oxytetracycline
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Aminoglycosides
A) Penicillin G
A sheep presents with footrot due to Dichelobacter nodosus. What is the best antibiotic choice?
A) Florfenicol
B) Tylosin
C) Oxytetracycline
D) Amoxicillin
C) Oxytetracycline
A calf with umbilical abscessation and septicaemia requires antibiotic therapy. Which antibiotic is most appropriate?
A) Enrofloxacin
B) Penicillin G + Aminoglycoside
C) Oxytetracycline
D) Macrolides
B) Penicillin G + Aminoglycoside
A cow presents with mild mastitis due to Streptococcus uberis. What is the most appropriate antibiotic choice?
A) 1st-generation cephalosporins
B) Penicillin G
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Macrolides
A) 1st-generation cephalosporins
A dairy farm has an outbreak of coliform mastitis. What is the best treatment strategy?
A) Systemic and intramammary antibiotics
B) NSAIDs and fluids
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Blanket dry cow therapy
B) NSAIDs and fluids
A cow is diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis due to Trueperella pyogenes. What is the most appropriate antibiotic?
A) Fluoroquinolones
B) Penicillin G
C) Aminoglycosides
D) Macrolides
B) Penicillin G
Which antibiotic is most appropriate for treating a liver abscess in cattle caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum?
A) Penicillin G
B) Oxytetracycline
C) Tylosin
D) Aminoglycosides
B) Oxytetracycline
A pig is diagnosed with bacterial pericarditis caused by Streptococcus suis. What is the best antibiotic choice?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Oxytetracycline
C) Tylosin
D) Penicillin G
A) Amoxicillin
Which antibiotic is the best choice for Clostridium perfringens enterotoxaemia in lambs?
A) Tetracyclines
B) Fluoroquinolones
C) High dose penicillin G
D) Macrolides
C) High dose penicillin G
A cow is diagnosed with Corynebacterium renale-induced pyelonephritis. What is the first-line treatment?
A) Oxytetracycline
B) Penicillin G
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Tylosin
A dairy farm has multiple cases of retained foetal membranes. Which antibiotic is most appropriate for systemic treatment if the cows develop metritis?
A) Amoxicillin/clavulanate
B) Tylosin
C) Gentamicin
D) Fluoroquinolones
A) Amoxicillin/clavulanate
Retained foetal membrane cows only receive antibiotics if they are systemically unwell.
Metritis cows only receive antibiotics if they are grade 2 or 3
A cow presents with pyrexia, a foul-smelling vaginal discharge, and inappetence 7 days post-calving. You diagnose metritis Grade 2. What is the first-line systemic antibiotic?
A) Trimethoprim-sulphonamide
B) Enrofloxacin
C) Amoxicillin
D) Macrolides
C) Amoxicillin
A beef farmer reports multiple abortions at 6-7 months of gestation. Brucella abortus is suspected. What is your first action?
A) Contact APHA immediately
B) Start systemic penicillin treatment
C) Advise culling affected animals
D) Submit milk samples for routine culture
A) Contact APHA immediately
A ewe has a purulent vaginal discharge 2 weeks post-lambing. What is the most appropriate systemic antibiotic?
A) Macrolides
B) Tetracyclines
C) Penicillin G
D) Fluoroquinolones
C) Penicillin G
A 5-day-old calf presents with severe diarrhoea and dehydration. Cryptosporidium is suspected. What is the most appropriate treatment?
A) Oral fluids and NSAIDs
B) Penicillin G
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Trimethoprim-sulphonamide
A) Oral fluids and NSAIDs
A pig farmer reports post-weaning diarrhoea. You suspect E. coli. What is the best antibiotic choice?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Trimethoprim-sulphonamide
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Metronidazole
B) Trimethoprim-sulphonamide
A dairy farmer reports neonatal calf diarrhoea with positive Salmonella Dublin culture. What is the appropriate treatment approach?
A) Systemic fluoroquinolones
B) Oral fluids and NSAIDs; antibiotics only for septicaemic cases
C) Blanket antibiotic use in all scouring calves
D) Metronidazol
B) Oral fluids and NSAIDs; antibiotics only for septicaemic cases
A 3-month-old calf has a fever, increased respiratory effort, and nasal discharge. You suspect Mannheimia haemolytica. What is the best antibiotic choice?
A) Florfenicol
B) Penicillin G
C) Tylosin
D) Metronidazole
A) Florfenicol
Part of the BRD complex.
Broad spectrum first line treatment are macrolides and phenicols.
Vaccination protocols are used for prevention
A dairy cow presents with acute respiratory distress and is diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia. What is the most appropriate antibiotic choice?
A) Trimethoprim-sulphonamide
B) Amoxicillin/clavulanate
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Tylosin
B) Amoxicillin/clavulanate
Which antibiotic is commonly used in outbreaks of Mycoplasma bovis pneumonia in calves?
A) Penicillin G
B) Fluoroquinolones
C) Macrolides (Tylosin, Tulathromycin)
D) Aminoglycosides
C) Macrolides (Tylosin, Tulathromycin)
A dairy cow is diagnosed with foul-in-the-foot (Fusobacterium necrophorum). What is the first-line antibiotic?
A) Penicillin G
B) Enrofloxacin
C) Oxytetracycline
D) Macrolides
C) Oxytetracycline
A flock of sheep presents with footrot caused by Dichelobacter nodosus. What is the best antibiotic treatment?
A) Penicillin G
B) Tylosin
C) Oxytetracycline
D) Fluoroquinolones
C) Oxytetracycline
A 2-week-old calf presents with septic arthritis. What is the most appropriate first-line antibiotic?
A) Macrolides
B) Fluoroquinolones
C) Penicillin
D) Metronidazole
C) Penicillin
OR Oxytetracyline
OR TMPS
A cow presents with mild clinical mastitis due to Streptococcus uberis. What is the best treatment?
A) Intramammary 1st-generation cephalosporin
B) Fluoroquinolones
C) Penicillin G
D) Macrolides
A) Intramammary 1st-generation cephalosporin
A pig presents with erysipelas (Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae). What is the most appropriate antibiotic?
A) Aminoglycosides
B) Penicillin G
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Metronidazole
B) Penicillin G
A cow presents with severe peritonitis following rumenotomy. What is the best antibiotic choice?
A) Fluoroquinolones
B) Penicillin or Oxytetracycline
C) Oxytetracycline
D) Macrolides
B) Penicillin orOxytetracycline
A sheep presents with caseous lymphadenitis (Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis). What is the first-line treatment?
A) Fluoroquinolones
B) Aminoglycosides
C) Penicillin G
D) No antibiotics
D) No antibiotics
There is no treatment for CLA
A pig farm experiences an outbreak of swine dysentery. What is the first-line antibiotic treatment?
A) Fluoroquinolones
B) Tylosin (Macrolide)
C) Penicillin G
D) Cephalosporins
B) Tylosin (Macrolide)
A poultry farm experiences an outbreak of Mycoplasma gallisepticum, leading to respiratory disease. What is the first-line antibiotic treatment?
A) Penicillin G
B) Tylosin (Macrolide)
C) Enrofloxacin
D) Oxytetracycline
B) Tylosin (Macrolide)
A flock of broilers presents with swollen joints and lameness. You suspect infectious synovitis due to Mycoplasma synoviae. What is the best antibiotic treatment?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Florfenicol
C) Tylosin (Macrolide)
D) Cephalosporins
C) Tylosin (Macrolide)
A layer farm has increased mortality due to E. coli-associated colibacillosis. Which antibiotic is commonly used for treatment?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Fluoroquinolones
C) Metronidazole
D) Tetracyclines
A) Amoxicillin
A farmer reports bloody droppings and weight loss in a broiler flock. Necropsy reveals caecal cores, suggesting Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis. What is the most appropriate antibiotic?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Penicillin G
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Macrolides
A) Amoxicillin
A broiler farm reports severe diarrhoea and depression in birds, with laboratory confirmation of Salmonella enterica. What is the most appropriate response?
A) Immediate antibiotic treatment with fluoroquinolones
B) Cull affected birds and use amoxicillin in the entire flock
C) Notify APHA and follow a disease control plan
D) Mass medication with tetracyclines
C) Notify APHA and follow a disease control plan
A farmer reports an outbreak of fowl cholera (Pasteurella multocida) in their backyard poultry. What is the best antibiotic choice?
A) Fluoroquinolones
B) Sulfonamides
C) Metronidazole
D) Penicillin G
B) Sulfonamides
A flock of laying hens presents with respiratory distress, sneezing, and nasal discharge. Avibacterium paragallinarum is suspected (infectious coryza). What is the first-line antibiotic treatment?
A) Sulfonamides (Trimethoprim-sulfadiazine)
B) Tetracyclines
C) Penicillin G
D) Macrolides
A) Sulfonamides (Trimethoprim-sulfadiazine)
A backyard poultry owner presents a chicken with a swollen eye and nasal discharge. You suspect Chlamydia psittaci. What is the most appropriate treatment?
A) Doxycycline (Tetracycline)
B) Amoxicillin
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Sulfonamides
A) Doxycycline (Tetracycline)
A broiler flock shows neurological signs, head tilting, and ataxia. Histopathology confirms Enterococcus cecorum-associated spinal osteomyelitis. What is the most appropriate treatment?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Fluoroquinolones
C) Macrolides
D) Oxytetracycline
A) Amoxicllin
A farmer complains about an outbreak of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) causing respiratory disease. Which antibiotic is most effective?
A) Tetracyclines
B) Penicillin G
C) Metronidazole
D) Cephalosporins
A) Tetracyclines
A 6-month-old alpaca presents with severe pneumonia, and Mannheimia haemolytica is cultured. What is the best antibiotic choice?
A) Enrofloxacin
B) Florfenicol
C) Metronidazole
D) Amoxicillin
B) Florfenicol
A 3-year-old llama has severe ulcerative pododermatitis (‘sore foot’) caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum. What is the most appropriate antibiotic?
A) Penicillin G
B) Fluoroquinolones
C) Tylosin
D) Macrolides
A) Penicillin G
A young alpaca is diagnosed with Clostridium perfringens enterotoxaemia. What is the first-line antibiotic?
A) Penicillin G
B) Tylosin
C) Oxytetracycline
D) Fluoroquinolones
A) Penicillin G
A 4-year-old llama presents with abscesses along the jaw and neck, and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is suspected. What is the most appropriate treatment?
A) Fluoroquinolones
B) Penicillin G
C) Macrolides
D) Aminoglycosides
B) Penicillin G
A 6-year-old alpaca has had progressive weight loss despite good appetite. Bloodwork shows hypoalbuminemia, and faecal culture reveals Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease).
What is your best course of action?
A) Start enrofloxacin and monitor response
B) No effective treatment; cull and implement biosecurity measures
C) Treat with long-term penicillin and NSAIDs
D) Isolate and administer macrolides
B) No effective treatment; cull and implement biosecurity measures
A large layer farm has been experiencing chronic respiratory disease in multiple flocks, with birds showing nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, and a drop in egg production. Previous PCR results confirmed Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and tylosin treatment has already been administered twice. The farmer wants to continue antibiotic use.
What is your best approach?
A) Repeat tylosin treatment at a higher dose
B) Conduct antimicrobial sensitivity testing and consider doxycycline if indicated
C) Mass medicate with fluoroquinolones
D) Cull all infected birds and restock
B) Conduct antimicrobial sensitivity testing and consider doxycycline if indicated
Routine testing on a broiler farm reveals Salmonella enterica in multiple birds. The flock is asymptomatic, but the farmer wants to use amoxicillin to “clear the infection.”
What is your best action?
A) Notify APHA and advise on strict biosecurity
B) Treat all birds with amoxicillin for 5 days
C) Cull all infected birds and restock
D) Recommend vaccination of the flock
A) Notify APHA and advise on strict biosecurity
A broiler farm reports high mortality in birds aged 3-5 weeks. Necropsy findings show thickened small intestines, gas-filled caeca, and Clostridium perfringens is isolated from gut samples.
What is the best treatment approach?
A) Metronidazole via drinking water
B) Amoxicillin and dietary management (e.g., lower protein, probiotics)
C) Immediate culling of all affected birds
D) Macrolides such as tylosin
B) Amoxicillin and dietary management (e.g., lower protein, probiotics)
A dairy cow presents with a hot, swollen udder, severe dehydration, hypothermia, and recumbency. Milk culture confirms Escherichia coli mastitis.
What is your immediate treatment plan?
A) IV fluids, NSAIDs, systemic amoxicillin-clavulanate, and supportive care
B) Intramammary cephalosporins and oral NSAIDs
C) Immediate culling to prevent herd spread
D) Fluoroquinolone injection and monitor
A) IV fluids, NSAIDs, systemic amoxicillin-clavulanate, and supportive care
Remember –> antibiotics are not treating the E.coli as that causes endotoxamia rather than bacteraemia. The antibiotic are for secondary infections that are caused.
A beef farm has multiple calves (2-4 weeks old) with swollen joints, reluctance to stand, and pyrexia. You diagnose septic polyarthritis caused by Trueperella pyogenes.
Which antibiotic regimen is most appropriate?
A) Systemic penicillin + joint lavage and NSAIDs
B) Systemic fluoroquinolones
C) Metronidazole and supportive care
D) No treatment; cull affected calves
A) Systemic penicillin + joint lavage and NSAIDs ✅
A 4-year-old bull presents with intermittent pyrexia, tachycardia, and weight loss. Auscultation reveals a systolic heart murmur, and blood cultures confirm Trueperella pyogenes.
What is the most appropriate antibiotic therapy?
A) High-dose penicillin for 4-6 weeks
B) Oxytetracycline
C) Fluoroquinolones
D) Aminoglycosides
A) High-dose penicillin for 4-6 weeks
A 5-year-old ewe presents with a blackened, cold mammary gland and systemic illness. You diagnose gangrenous mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
What is your best approach?
A) Immediate systemic penicillin + NSAIDs + fluids
B) Intramammary macrolides
C) Enrofloxacin injection
D) Cull immediately
A) Immediate systemic penicillin + NSAIDs + fluids
