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Pharmacology > Antibiotic Drugs > Flashcards

Antibiotic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

low spectrum activity, dosed frequently, drug of choice for Group A strep and have weak Gram negative coverage

A

Penicillins

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2
Q

Give the ROA and AE of Penicillin G

A

ROA: IV
AE: hypokalemia

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3
Q

Give the ROA and AE of Penicillin VK

A

ROA: oral
AE: hyperkalemia

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4
Q

low spectrum of activity, has increased Gram negative coverage over penicillin, oral amoxicillin has better oral absorption, good coverage of enterococcus

A

Aminopenicillins:

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5
Q

What is the ROA of amoxicillin? (aminopenicillin)

A

oral

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6
Q

What is the ROA of ampicillin (aminopenicillin)

A

IV and oral

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7
Q

increased spectrum activity including anaerobe coverage; more reliable for Gram negative and Strep species

A

Aminopenicillin/Beta-lactamase inhibitor combination

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8
Q

What is the ROA of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (augmenting)?

Aminopenicillin/Beta-lactamase inhibitor combination

A

oral

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9
Q

What is the ROA of ampicillin/sulbactam (unasyn)?

Aminopenicillin/Beta-lactamase inhibitor combination

A

IV

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10
Q

reliable Gram positive coverage only, drug of choice for MSSA; frequent dosing required

A

Penicllinase-resistant penicillins

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11
Q

Give the ROA and AE for Oxacillin (Penicllinase-resistant penicillin)

A

ROA: IV
AE: hepatitis

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12
Q

Give the ROA for Methacillin (penicillinase-resistant penicillin)

A

IV

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13
Q

most broad spectrum penicillin available, addition of beta-lactase inhibitor adds anaerobe coverage

A

Anti-psudomonal/beta-lactamse inhibitor combination

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14
Q

What is the ROA of piperacillin/tazobactam (zoysyn)? (Anti-psudomonal/beta-lactamse inhibitor combination)

A

IV

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15
Q

In regards to cephalosporins, this generation has excellent Gram positive coverage including MSSA, but less reliable coverage against Gram negative species

A

1st

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16
Q

Give the ROA of cefazolin (1st generation cephalosporin)

A

IV

17
Q

Give the ROA of Cephalexin (1st generation cephalosporin)

A

oral

18
Q

In regards to cephalosporins, this generation has good Gram positive activity, limited Gram negative, used mainly in respiratory infections

A

2nd

19
Q

Give the ROA of cefaclor (2nd generation cephalosporin)

A

oral

20
Q

Give the ROA of cefoxitin (2nd generation cephalosporin)

A

IV

21
Q

In regards to cephalosporins, this generation has improved coverage against Gram negative organisms and also has excellent Strep coverage

A

3rd

22
Q

Give the ROA and AE of Ceftriaxone (3rd generation cephalosporin)

A

ROA: IV
AE: biliary sludging and stones

23
Q

In regards to cephalosporins, this generation is the most broad spectrum and has excellent Gram negative coverage including pseudomonas

A

4th

24
Q

Give the ROA of cefepime (4th generation cephalosporin)

A

IV

25
Q

most broad spectrum agents available. no coverage against MRSA but great Gram positive and Gram negative coverage including pseudomonas. Agents have good anaerobic coverage.

A

carbapenems

26
Q

Give the ROA of Ertapenem (carbapenem)

A

IV

note: does not cover Pseudomonas

27
Q

Give the ROA of meropenem (carbopenem)

A

IV

28
Q

Gram negative coverage only, including pseudomonas. can use patients with sever penicillin/cephalosporin allergy

A

monobactam

29
Q

Give the ROA of Aztreonam (monobactam)

A

IV

30
Q

Bacterostatic and Time dependant; commonly used to treat upper and lower respiratory tract infections; posses activity against atypical organisms as well as common organisms which are responsible for community acquired pneumonia

A

Macrolides

31
Q

Give the ROA and AE of Azithromycin (macrolide)

A

ROA: IV and PO
AE: no significant interactions with drugs metabolized with cytochrome p450

32
Q

Bactericidal and Concentration dependent; broad spectrum agents with good Gram positive and Gram negative activity. Best for empiric coverage of UTI

A

Fluoroquinolones

33
Q

What is the ROA of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin? (all fluoroquinolones)

A

IV and Oral

34
Q

Bactericidal and concentration dependent; have good Gram negative coverage, including pseudomonas; can be used as mono therapy for UTI

A

Aminoglycoside

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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