Antibiotic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

A type of antibacterial drug that has the broadest antibacterial actions of any antibiotics.

A

Carbapenems

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2
Q

What are the adverse reactions of Antibacterial drugs?

A
  1. Allergy or hypersensitivity
  2. Superinfection
  3. Organ toxicity
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3
Q

Single-celled organisms lack a true nucleus and nuclear membrane.

A

BACTERIA

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4
Q

What are the antibiotics affecting protein synthesis?

A
  1. Tetracyclines
  2. Macrolides
  3. Aminoglycosides
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5
Q

What are the 3 types of tuberculosis?

A
  1. M. Tuberculosis
  2. M. leprae
  3. M. avium-intracellulare
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6
Q

Medications for severe malaria:

A
  1. Artesunate IV
  2. Primaquine
  3. Quinine
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7
Q

It occurs when one antibiotic increases the effectiveness of the 2nd drug.

A

Potentiative Effect

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8
Q

Enumerate the 4 host factors.

A
  1. Immune system
  2. Site of infection
  3. Age
  4. Pregnancy
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9
Q

The most common macrolides are:

A
  1. Azithromycin
  2. Clarithromycin
  3. Erythromycin
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10
Q

Give 2 out of 5 mechanisms of Antibacterial action.

A

Any of the 5:
1. Inhibition of bacterial cell-wall synthesis.
2. Alteration of membrane permeability.
3. Inhibition of protein synthesis.
4. Inhibition of the synthesis
of bacterial RNA and DNA.
5. Interference with
metabolism within the cell.

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11
Q

What are the antibiotics that affect the bacterial cell wall?

A
  1. Penicillin
  2. Cephalosporins
  3. Other Inhibitors
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12
Q

It is used for organisms where resistance is common.

A

Sensitivity

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13
Q

The narrow spectrum is primarily effective against ______ type of organism (selective).

A

one

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14
Q

RIPES stands for?

A

RIFAMPICIN
ISONIAZID
PYRAZINAMIDE
ETHAMBUTOL
STREPTOMYCIN

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15
Q

BETA-LACTAMASE provides resistance by _____________ the beta-lactam ring in the drugs.

A

destroying

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16
Q

Antibiotics for Urinary Tract Infections:

A
  1. Sulfonamides
  2. Trimethoprim
  3. Fluoroquinolones
  4. Antiseptics
17
Q

What are the 2 types of resistance?

A

Inherent and Acquired

18
Q

What are the adverse effects of Penicillin?

A
  1. Allergies/ Anaphylaxis
  2. Renal impairment
  3. Hyperkalemia/ dysrhythmias
  4. Hypernatremia
19
Q

He devised a method to classify bacteria using the Gram-stain method.

A

Hans Christian Gram

20
Q

MDR-TB medications include:

A
  1. Kanamycin
  2. Levofloxacin
  3. Prothionamide
  4. Cycloserine