Antibiotic Classes

Question 1

what are some penicillins

Answer 1

penicillin 
amoxicillin 
methicillin 
oxacillin
tocarcillin 
pipercllan

Question 2

what are the macrolides

Answer 2

azithromycin
erythromycin
clindamycin

Question 3

what are some aminoglycosides

Answer 3

gentamicin
tobramycin
neomycin
kanamycin

Question 4

what are some fluroquinolones

Answer 4

ciprofloxacin
levofloxacin
moxifloxacin
norfloxacin

Question 5

what are the cephalosporins

Answer 5

cephalothin
cefazolin
cephapirin
cefepome

Question 6

what are the carbapenems

Answer 6

ertapenem
imienem
meropenem

Question 7

what are some nitromidazoles

Answer 7

metronidazole

Question 8

how do penicillins attack bacteria

Answer 8

bactericidal - kill the bacteria

inhibit cell wall synthesis

Question 9

what is a monobactam

Answer 9

aztreonam

Question 10

what antibiotic cases inhibit cell wall synthesis

Answer 10

penicillin
cephalosporins
carbepenems
monobactams

Question 11

what antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis (inhibit either 50s or 30s subunit)

Answer 11

50s 
macrocodes 
clindamycin 
linezolid 
chloramphenicol 

30s
tetrcyclines
aminoglycosides

Question 12

what antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

Answer 12

quinolone
rifampcin
sulfonamides
trimethoprim

Question 13

what antibiotic is 1st line/the work force against gram -ves

Answer 13

gentamicin

Question 14

what antibiotics is used only for gram +ves

Answer 14

vancomycin

Question 15

why do you choose narrow spectrum before broad

Answer 15

more broad spectrum antibiotics are more likely to cause antibiotic resistance

Question 16

what is the most common mode of antibiotic resistance in gram -ves

Answer 16

beta lactamase production which destroys the beta lactic ring

Question 17

what antibiotics have a beta lactic ring

Answer 17

penicillins
cephalosporins
carbapenims
monobactams

Question 18

what are the 4 c antibiotics that cause c diff

Answer 18

co-amoxyclav
cepholasporins
ciprofloxacin
clindomycin

Question 19

which antibiotic drug is most likely to cause photosensitivity

Answer 19

doxycycline

Question 20

which antibiotics make epilepsy worse/ can cause convulsions

Answer 20

all quinolones

Question 21

what antibiotic is not absorbed systemically when given orally

Answer 21

vancomycin

given orally for c.dif as it then works in the gut

Question 22

what bacteria most commonly cause UTIs

Answer 22

e.coli or enterococcus

Question 23

what are some side effects of quinolones

Answer 23

tendonitis and tendon rupture
AA rupture
psychiatric side effects
increased c.dif risk

Question 24

why are quinolones often given orally

Answer 24

because they have very good systemic absorption when given orally, just as much as they have when given IV

Question 25

what are 2 big side effects of co-amoxiclav

Answer 25

c.dif

cholestatic jaundice

Question 26

what are 3 AIDS defining conditions

Answer 26

recurrent pneumonia
salmonella bacteraemia
oropharyngeal candida

Question 27

what antibiotic is used to cover gram-ve ESBL producing organisms

Answer 27

meropenum - only beta lactic left for ESBL

after that cerbepenemase

Question 28

what is the most common cause of cellulitis

Answer 28

skin commensals

Question 29

what 4 bugs can cause bloody diarrhoea

Answer 29

shigella
e.coli -0157
campylobacter
salmonella

Question 30

what antibiotic do you give for e.coli 0157

Answer 30

DON’T - antibiotics are not effective and make things worse

will cause haemolytic uraemia syndrome

Question 31

what antibiotic do you give for a bacillus cerrus infection

Answer 31

you dont give one

will pass in 4-6 hours