Antibacterials (M) (keep this one) Flashcards
An 80-year-old patient is being treated for an infection. An order for which type of antibiotic would cause concern for the nurse caring for this patient?
a. Aminoglycoside
b. Cephalosporin
c. Penicillin
d. Sulfonamide
a. Aminoglycoside
Which is a characteristic that distinguishes sulfonamides from other drugs used to treat
bacterial infection?
a. Sulfonamides are bactericidal.
b. Sulfonamides are not derived from biologic substances.
c. Sulfonamides have antifungal and antiviral properties.
d. Sulfonamides increase bacterial synthesis of folic acid.
b. Sulfonamides are not derived from biologic substances.
The nurse is counseling a patient who will begin taking a sulfonamide drug to treat a urinary tract infection. What information will the nurse include in teaching?
a. “Drink several quarts of water daily.”
b. “If stomach upset occurs, take an antacid.”
c. “This is a safe drug to take while pregnant.”
d. “Sore throat is a common, harmless side effect.”
a. “Drink several quarts of water daily.”
A patient will receive penicillin to treat an infection. The provider orders probenecid (Probalan), a medication to treat gout, even though the patient does not have gout. Which action by the nurse is correct?
a. Administer the drug since the provider ordered it.
b. Recognize that it is being given prophylactically.
c. Refuse to administer the medication since it is not indicated.
d. Verify that it is being given for its secondary action
d. Verify that it is being given for its secondary action
The nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin (Amoxil) to a patient and learns that the patient previously experienced a rash when taking penicillin. Which action will the nurse take?
a. Administer the amoxicillin and have epinephrine available.
b. Ask the provider to order an antihistamine.
c. Contact the provider to discuss using a different antibiotic.
d. Request an order for a beta-lactamase resistant drug.
c. Contact the provider to discuss using a different antibiotic.
The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose of intravenous ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to a patient. When reviewing the patient’s chart, the nurse notes that the patient previously experienced a rash when taking amoxicillin. What is the nurse’s next action?
a. Administer the drug and observe closely for hypersensitivity reactions.
b. Ask the provider whether a cephalosporin from a different generation may be used.
c. Contact the provider to report drug hypersensitivity.
d. Notify the provider and suggest an oral cephalosporin
a. Administer the drug and observe closely for hypersensitivity reactions.
The patient will begin taking penicillin G procaine (Wycillin). The nurse notes that the solution is milky in color. What action will the nurse take?
a. Call the pharmacist and report the milky color.
b. Add normal saline to dilute the medication.
c. Call the physician and report the milky appearance.
d. Administer the medication as ordered by the physician
d. Administer the medication as ordered by the physician
The nurse caring for a patient who will receive penicillin to treat an infection asks the patient about previous drug reactions. The patient reports having had a rash when taking amoxicillin (Amoxil). The nurse will contact the provider to:
a. discuss giving a smaller dose of penicillin.
b. discuss using erythromycin (E-Mycin) instead of penicillin.
c. request an order for diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
d. discuss giving a larger dose of penicillin
b. discuss using erythromycin (E-Mycin) instead of penicillin.
A female patient who is allergic to penicillin will begin taking an antibiotic to treat a lower respiratory tract infection. The patient tells the nurse that she almost always develops a vaginal yeast infection when she takes antibiotics and that she will take fluconazole (Diflucan) with the antibiotic being prescribed. Which macrolide order would the nurse question for this patient?
a. Azithromycin (Zithromax)
b. Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
c. Erythromycin (E-Mycin)
d. Fidaxomicin (Dificid
c. Erythromycin (E-Mycin)
The nurse is providing teaching to a patient who will begin taking a cephalosporin to treat an infection. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
a. “I may stop taking the medication if my symptoms clear up.”
b. “I should eat yogurt while taking this medication.”
c. “I should stop taking the drug and call my provider if I develop a rash.”
d. “I will not consume alcohol while taking this medication.”
a. “I may stop taking the medication if my symptoms clear up.”
The nurse is caring for several patients who are receiving antibiotics. Which order will the
nurse question?
a. Azithromycin (Zithromax) 500 mg IV in 500 mL fluid
b. Azithromycin (Zithromax) 500 mg PO once daily
c. Erythromycin 300 mg IM QID
d. Erythromycin 300 mg PO QID
c. Erythromycin 300 mg IM QID
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a high dose of intravenous azithromycin to treat an infection. The patient is also taking acetaminophen for pain. The nurse should expect to review which lab values when monitoring for this drug’s side effects?
a. Complete blood counts
b. Electrolytes
c. Liver enzymes
d. Urinalysis
c. Liver enzymes
The nurse is preparing to administer clarithromycin to a patient. When performing a medication history, the nurse learns that the patient takes warfarin to treat atrial fibrillation. The nurse will perform which action?
a. Ask the provider if azithromycin may be used instead of clarithromycin.
b. Obtain an order for continuous cardiovascular monitoring.
c. Request an order for periodic serum warfarin levels.
d. Withhold the clarithromycin and notify the provider.
c. Request an order for periodic serum warfarin levels.
The nurse is caring for a 70-kg patient who is receiving gentamicin (Garamycin) 85 mg 4 times daily. The patient reports experiencing ringing in the ears. The nurse will contact the provider to discuss which of the following?
a. decreasing the dose to 50 mg QID.
b. giving the dose 3 times daily.
c. obtaining a serum drug level.
d. ordering a hearing test.
c. obtaining a serum drug level.
The nurse is caring for a patient who will begin taking doxycycline to treat an infection. The nurse should plan to give this medication:
a. 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
b. with an antacid to minimize GI irritation.
c. with food to improve absorption.
d. with small sips of water.
c. with food to improve absorption.
