Antibacterials / Antibiotics Flashcards
Penicillin
Bactericidal
Inhibit cell wall synthesis
Safe, allergic rxns do not use in rodents- vomiting!
Penicillin- narrow gram +
Ampicillin/amoxicillin - broad +/-
Amoxicillin / clavulanic acid- potentiated
Cephalosporins
Bactericidal
Inhibited cell wall synthesis
1-4 gens narrow to broad depending on generation
Safe
GI upset
Tetracyclines
Bactericidal
Inhibit protein synthesis
Broad spectrum
Food etc. affect absorption discolouration of teeth
Esophageal strictures in cats
Tetracyline
Doxycycline
Sulfonamides
Bacteriostatic
Antimetabolite
Crystalluria
TMP sulfa- Bactericidal
Broad spectrum
KSC dogs
Amninoglycosides
Bactericidal
Inhibit protein synthesis
Narrow gram -
Nephrotoxicity
Gentamicin - ototoxicity
Amikacin
Lincosamides
Bacteriostatic
Inhibit protein synthesis
Narrow gram +
GIT toxicity
Macrolides
Bacteriostatic
Inhibit protein synthesis
Variable spectrum
GIT toxicity
Erythromycin
Tilmicosin - fatal if injected to humans
Azithromycin
Fluoroquinolones
Bactericidal
Inhibit DNA synthesis
Broad spectrum
Enrofloxacin
Long half life - interfere w cartilage in puppies
Renal damage in cats
Polypeptide antibiotics
Can only give topically
Polymyxin B - Bactericidal
Affects cell walls
Narrow gram -
Bacitracin - affects cell wall
Narrow gram +
Chloramphenicol
Bacteriostatic
Inhibit protein synthesis
Broad spectrum
Chloramphenicol - aplastic anemia (can’t use in food animals)
Florphenicol - Ok in food animals
Nitrofurans
Bactericidal
Inhibit CHO metabolism
Broad spectrum
Toxic if used parenterally
Human carcinogen
Can’t use in food animals
Nitroimidazoles
Bactericidal
Inhibit DNA synthesis
Narrow spectrum :
Anaerobes & giardia
Can’t use in food animals
Neurologic toxicity
Metronidazole
