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Pharm > Antianginal Drugs Chapter 23 > Flashcards

Antianginal Drugs Chapter 23 Flashcards

1
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Chest pain that occurs when the hearts supply of blood

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2
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

A common form of arteriosclerosis involving deposits of fatty. cholesterol-containing material (plaques) within arterial walls.

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3
Q

Chronic stable angina

A

Chest pain that is primarily caused by atherosclerosis, which results in a long term but relatively stable level of obstruction in one or more coronary arteries.

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4
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Arteries that delivery oxygen to the heart muscle.

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5
Q

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

Any one of the abnormal conditions that can affect the arteries of the heart and produce various pathologic effects, especially a reduced supply of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium.

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6
Q

Ischemia

A

Ischemia is damaged cells/tissue as the result of inadequate oxygen supply.

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7
Q

Ischemic heart disease

A

Poor blood supply to the heart via the coronary arteries.

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8
Q

Myocardinal infarction (MI)

A

Necrosis of the myocardium following interruption of blood supply; it is almost always caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries and is commonly called a heart attack

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9
Q

Reflex tachycardia

A

A rapid heartbeat caused by a variety of autonomic nervous system effects, such as blood pressure changes, fever, or emotional stress.

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10
Q

Unstable angina

A

Early stage progressive CAD

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11
Q

Vasospastic angina

A

Ischemia-induced myocardial chest pain caused by spasm of the coronary arteries; also referred to as prinzmental or variant angina.

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12
Q

True or False: The hearts much needed oxygen supply is delivered to the heart muscle by coronary arteries?

A

True

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13
Q

True or False: Angina pectoris is a lack of chest pain?

A

False, angina pectoris is chest pain. it is when the hearts supply of blood carrying oxygen and energy rich nutrients is insufficient to meet the demands of the heart and the heart muscle Ches.

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14
Q

How do you alleviate the pain associated with angina pectoris?

A

you need to improve the ratio of the supply and demand of oxygen. this can be done either by increasing blood flow or by decreasing oxygen demand.

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15
Q

True or False: Ischemia is the result of damaged cells from inadequate oxygen supply?

A

True

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16
Q

What is ischemic heart disease?

A

ischemia but with the heart involvement.

17
Q

When atherosclerotic plaques project from the walls into the lumens of these vessels, the vessels become narrow. The supply of oxygen and energy rich nutrients needed for the heart is decreased, what disorder is this?

A

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

18
Q

True or False: A myocardial infarction is not the acute result of coronary artery disease and ischemic heart disease?

A

False

19
Q

How does a myocardial infarction (MI) occur?

A

A MI occurs when blood flow through the coronary arteries to the myocardium is completely blocked so that part of the heart muscle cannot receive any of the blood-born nutrients and oxygen.

20
Q

True or False: Under ischemic conditions when the myocardium is deprived of oxygen, the heart shifts to anaerobic metabolism to meet its energy needs. One of the byproducts of anaerobic metabolism byproducts causes the pain receptors surrounding the heart to be stimulated, which produces the heart pain known as ANGINA?

A

True

21
Q

True or False: The pathophysiologic mechanism responsible for soreness in skeletal muscles after exercise is not the same for stimulation of pain receptors in the heart?

A

False

22
Q

How many types of chest pain or angina pectoris is there?

A

Chronic stable angina, unstable angina, and vasospastic angina.

23
Q

What is the primary cause of chronic stable angina?

A

atherosclerosis, Chronic stable angina can be triggered by exertion or other stress

24
Q

What is unstable angina?

A

the early stage of progressive CAD.

25
Q

What is vasospastic angina?

A

spasm in the layer of smooth muscle that surrounds coronary arteries.

26
Q

What are the three main classes of drugs to treat angina pectoris?

A

nitrates/nitrites, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers.

27
Q

What are the three main therapeutic objectives of abtianginal drug therapy

A
  1. Minimize the frequency of attacks and decrease the duration and intensity of the anginal pain.
  2. Improve the patients functional capacity with as few adverse effects as possible.
  3. Prevent or delay the worst possible outcome, MI.
28
Q

True or False: Medicinal nitrates and nitrites do not dilate all blood vessels?

A

False

Pharm (6 decks)

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