anti virals Flashcards

1
Q

Amantadine

A

MOA
Inhibit M2 protein (H + channel)
-no intra-viral acidification
-viral uncoating blocked

Indications

  • Influenza A
  • Parkinsons
  • Zoster
  • Rubella
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2
Q

Zanamivir

A

viral neuraminidase inhibitor—> no release of new virions

Indications
-Influenza A & B

*inhaled—> can irritate the airway

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3
Q

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

A

Viral neuraminidase inhibitor—> no release of new virions

Indications
-Influenza A & B

-oral

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4
Q

Ribavarin

A

competitive inhibitor of IMP-dehydrogenase—> decrease guanine synthesis

-phosphorylated inside cell to activate form

Indications

  • RSV in peds
  • Hepatitis C (w/ IFN-α)

Toxicity

  • *severe teratogen
  • hemolytic anemia
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5
Q

Trifluridine

A

guanosine analogue causing chain termination
-activated by thymidine kinase in infected cells only

Indications
-Herpes simples virus keratitis

Toxicity
-visual disturbances (burning and edema)

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6
Q

Acyclovir

A

guanosine analogue causing chain termination
-activated by thymidine kinase in infected cells only

Indications

  • herpes simplex virus
    - mucocutaneous
    - keratitis
    - prophylaxis
    - genital
    - varicella/zoster

-resistance formed when used alone

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7
Q

Ganciclovir

A

5-monophosphate guanosine analogue—> activated by viral kinase—> inhibition of viral DNA polymerase

Indications
-CMV retinitis in AIDS

  • **use gloves when handling!!!
    - carcinogen
    - teratogen
    - bone marrow suppression
    - granulocytopenia
    - thrombocytopenia
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8
Q

Foscarnet

A

5-monophosphate guanosine analogue

  • does not need to be activated by viral kinase
  • inhibits viral DNA polymerase
Indications
-CMV retinitis in AIDS patient
-acyclovir resistant HSV
Toxicity
-Renal toxicity
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9
Q

Interferon-α

A

Induces enzymes and protease that decreases production of viral proteins

Indications

  • Hep B
  • Hep C
  • cutaneous warts
  • Kaposi sarcoma
  • Hairy cell leukemia
  • Melanoma
  • Renal carcinoma

Toxicity

  • Neutropenia
  • myopathy
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