Anti Tubercular Drugs Flashcards
Which are the first line anti tubercular drugs?
Isoniazid Rifampicin pyrizinamide Ethambutol Streptomycin
Which drug is given to the patient first to make him non infectious?
Isoniazid
what Are the uses of isoniazid?
1st line drug
Chemo prophylaxis
Mechanism of action of isoniazid
Inhibition of mycolic acid
Prodrug to active form
Side effects of isoniazid
C change in memory H hallucination A anemia N neuropathy G gynecomastia E euphoria
Write the toxicity of isoniazid
Metabolic acidosis
Seizure
Name the drug of choice in seizures caused by isoniazid
Pyridoxine
Max dose 5g
Drug is able to cross the placenta barrier
Isoniazid
Safest anti tubercular drug in renal failure
Rifampicin
Bactericidal drug for antituberculosis
Rifampicin
Mechanism of action of rifampicin
Binds to bacterial DNA dependent RNA polymerase and inhibit RNA synthesis
Pharmaco kinetics of rifampicin
Rapidly absorbed by gi tract
Presence of food decreases the absorption
Uses of rifampicin
Tb
Leprosy
Non tubercular mycobacterium
Add on to penicillin /vancomycin in staphylococcus infection
Add on to doxycycline in isoniazid may be used by doubling the dose
adverse Drug reaction of rifampicin
R rash I intestinal nephritis F flu like symptoms A anemia M make urine secretion radish orange P thrombocytopenia and pulmonary syndrome I inducer of enzyme C contraceptive failure I inr can be derranged N nevirapine failure change to efavirenz
which Is the most hepatotoxic antiTB drug
Pyrizinamide
Mechanism of action of Pyrizinamide
Pro drug converted to pyrazinoic acid which blocks the fatty acid synthase one
Which anti tubercular drug is distributed all over including CSF
Pirazinamide
Side effects of pyrazinamide
P peripheral neuropathy
A athralgia
H hepatotoxic
H hyperuricemia
Which antitubercular drug is the most unsafe in renal failure
Ethambutol
Mechanism of action of ethambutol
Blocks synthesis of arabinosyl transferase and decrease synthesis of arabinogalacton
Uses of ethambutol
MTB and MAC
Adverse drug reaction of ethambutol
Optic neuritis and red green colour blindness
Toxicity to eye prevented by vitamin b12
Hyperuriceamia
Safe in pregnancy
Which antitubercular drug is contraindicated in children and is safe in pregnancy
Ethambutol
Which amino glycoside antibiotic is used in anti tuberculosis drug
Streptomycin
What is the dosage form of streptomycin and what are the adverse drug reaction
Injection -im
Ototoxicity
Nephro toxicity
Neuromuscular blockage
What is the treatment phase of tuberculosis
Intensive phase
Patient receive treatment with 4 to 6 drugs daily for a period of 2 months. main objective of this phase is to rapidly kill the Bacilli and make the patient non contagious
Continuous phase
Patient receive 3 to 4 drug daily for a period of 4 month this phase helps to eliminate the remaining Bacilli and prevent relapse
