anti-seizure drugs

Question 0

drug of choice for partial seizures

Answer 0

Carbamazepine - DOC

others: lamotrigine, phenytoin
alternatives: felbamate, phenobarbital, topiramate, valproic acid

Question 1

drug of choice for generalized tonic-clonic seizures

Answer 1

Carbamazepine - DOC

valproic acid, phenytoin
alternatives: lamotrigine, phenobarbital, topiramate, levetiracetam

Question 2

drug of choice for absence seizures?

Answer 2

Ethosuximide - DOC

valproic acid

Question 3

drug of choice for myoclonic seizures/ juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?

Answer 3

Valproic acid - DOC

Question 4

drug of choice for status epilepticus?

Answer 4

Lorazepam, diazepam, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital

Question 5

drug of choice for trigeminal neuralgia?

Answer 5

Carbamazepine- DOC

Question 6

drug of choice for neuropathic pain (postherpetic neuralgia)

Answer 6

gabapentin/ pregabalin

Question 7

antiseizure drugs that may be used for migraine

Answer 7

gabapentin, topiramate, phenytoin

Question 8

drug of choice for bipolar (acute mania)

Answer 8

valproic acid

Question 9

noted potent inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes

Answer 9

valproic acid

potent inducer - phenytoin, carbamazepine

Question 10

what drug is an antiseizure and anti arrythmia?

Answer 10

phenytoin

anti arrhythmia group 1B

Question 11

what is the common mechanism of action of phenytoin, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and topiramate

Answer 11

blocks Voltage-gated Na+ channels

Question 12

what are unique side effects of phenytoin?

Answer 12

gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, fetal hydantoin syndrome

Question 13

a child was noted to have an upturned nose, mild midfacial hypoplasia, long upper lip, and lower digital hypoplasia. this was due to intake of what drug?

Answer 13

Phenytoin (fetal hydantoin syndrome)

Question 14

1. most common side effect of carbamazepine
2. most common dose-related SE
3. most serious idiosyncratic reaction

Answer 14

1. erythematous rash
2. diplopia
3. blood dyscrasia

Question 15

what is the mechanism of action of valproic acid?

Answer 15

blocks high-frequency firing of neurons

Question 16

antiseizure drug that can cause neural tube defects

Answer 16

valproic acid

Question 17

what is the most common dose related SE of valproic?

Answer 17

GI distress

Question 18

what is the preferred antiseizure drug in children and pregnant women?

Answer 18

Phenobarbital

Question 19

antiseizure drug that decreases low threshold calcium currents (T-type) in thalamus

Answer 19

ethosuximide

Question 20

what is the MOA of gabapentin?

Answer 20

blocks calcium channels. increases GABA release

DOC for postherpetic neuralgia

Question 21

what antiseizure drug has the propensity to cause SJS and TEN?

Answer 21

1. Lamotrigine

2. Carbamazepine

Question 22

This antiseizure drug selectively binds synaptic vesicular protein SV2A and modifies synaptic release of glutamate and GABA

Answer 22

levetiracetam

Question 23

antiseizure drug with the most number of mechanism of action

Answer 23

topiramate!!

multiple actions via phosphorylation (Na, Ca, GABA, AMPA-glutamate, carbonic anhydrase)

Question 24

notable side effects of topiramate

Answer 24

psychomotor slowing, memory impairment, weight loss!, glaucoma, urolithiasis

Question 25

Piracetam

Answer 25

levetiracetam