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ANTI-PROTOZOAL - SULFONAMIDES Flashcards

1
Q
  • anaerobic, microaerophilic bacteria and protozoa
  • “TRIAD OF FEATURES” which includes antiamebic, antigiardiasis, and antitrichomonal
A

METRONIDAZOLE

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2
Q

DOC for AMOEBA, GIARDIASIS / LABIASIS, TRICHOMONAL

A

METRONIDAZOLE

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3
Q

MOA:
* enters cell via CELL DIFFUSION
* NITROREDUCTION – similar with nitrofurans (produces FREE RADICALS)
* activated via single reduction step by bacteria → forms RADICALS → reacts with nucleic acid (by covalently binding the 5-nitro group to DNA) → cell death

A

METRONIDAZOLE

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4
Q

METRONIDAZOLE:
responsible for its stability in IV and tablet form

A

ethanoic moiety

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5
Q
  • esters are to be ACTIVATED to exert amebicidal activity
  • tx of asymptomatic carriers of E. histolytica
A

DILOXANIDE

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6
Q
  • antibacterial and antifungal
  • parent compound
A

8-hydroxyquinoline

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7
Q
  • tx of ACUTE and CHRONIC INTESTINAL AMOEBIASIS
  • AE: nueropathy
A

IODOQUINOL

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8
Q

IODOQUINOL:
adverse effect

A

neuropathy

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9
Q
  • alkaloids obtained from IPECAC
  • amoebicidal
  • protoplasmic poison
  • tx for LIVER disease since alkaloids concentrates mainly at the liver
  • tx for BALANTIDIAL DYSENTERY and FLUKE infestations
A

EMETINE & DEHYDROEMETINE

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10
Q
  • tx of PNEUMONIA caused by P. carinii
  • tx for the prophylaxis of AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS
  • tx for VISCERAL LEISHMANIAISIS
A

PENTAMIDINE ISETHIONATE

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11
Q
  • highly RESISTANT to MALARIA
  • highly LIPOPHILIC
  • water INSOLUBLE analogue of ubiquinone 6
  • tx of PCP caused by P. carinii (alternative)
  • originally an antimalarial Plasmodium falciparum develops tolerance to its action
  • high fat diet to improve absorption
A

ATOVAQUONE

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12
Q
  • inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE
  • tx of West African SLEEPING SICKNESS caused by T. gambiense
A

EFLORNITHINE

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13
Q
  • NITROFURAN derivative
  • tx of ACUTE and CHRONIC CHAGA’S disease (DOC)
A

NIFURTIMOX

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14
Q
  • NITROIMIDAZOLE derivative as an alternative in the treatment of CHAGA’S disease
  • SE: peripheral neuropathy, bone marrow suppression
A

BENZNIDAZOLE

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15
Q

BENZNIDAZOLE:
side effects

A

peripheral neuropathy
bone marrow supression

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16
Q
  • DOC for later stages OF AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS
  • excellent PENETRATION into the CNS
  • causes ARSENIC toxicity
A

MELARSOPROL

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17
Q

MELARSOPROL:
adverse effect

A

arsenic toxicity

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18
Q
  • pentavalent ANTIMONY-compound intended primarily for the tx of various LEISHMANIASIS (DOC)
  • LOW TI
  • should be monitored for heavy metal
A

SODIUM STIBOGLUCONATE

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19
Q
  • HEAVY METAL POISON
  • MOA: chelation
A

DIMERCAPROL

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20
Q

DIMERCAPROL:
MOA

A

chelation

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21
Q
  • DOC for long term ____
  • PROPHYLACTIC agent for AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS
A

SURAMIN SODIUM

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22
Q
  • alternative for the treatment of Ascaris lumbcricoides and Enterobius vermicularis
  • anticholinergic
  • tx for PINWORM and ROUNDWORM
A

PIPERAZINE

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23
Q

PIPERAZINE MOA:
increase the ____ of the helminth muscle so that the muscle membrane is supressed leading to FLACCID PARALYSIS

A

resting potential

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24
Q
  • SELECTIVE anthelmentic activity against FILARIASIS and ASCARIASIS
A

DIETHYLCARBAMAZEPINE CITRATE

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25
Q
  • tx of PINWORMS and ASCARIS
  • DEPOLARIZING NEUROMUSCULAR blocking agent
  • ANTAGONIZE piperazine
A

PYRANTEL PAMOATE

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26
Q

PYRANTEL PAMOATE:
adverse effect

A

GI effect

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27
Q

PYRANTEL EMBONATEMOA:
promotes ____ of the helminth’s MYONERUAL JUNCTION and ____ → spastic paralysis and loss of muscle activity

A

depolarization
cholinesterase inhibition

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28
Q
  • broad spectrum anthelmintic activity in human and livestock
  • relive symptoms associated with CUTANEOUS LARVA MIGRANT and invasive phase of THRICOSIS
A

THIABENDAZOLE

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29
Q
  • broad spectrum anthelmintic activity similar with thiabendazole
  • MOA: inhibition of GLUCOSE UPTAKE leading to depleted glycogen storage → decrease ATP synthesis
  • AE: abdominal discomfort and teratogenic
A

MEBENDAZOLE

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30
Q

MEBENDAZOLE MOA:
inhibition of ____ leading to depleted glycogen storage → decrease ATP synthesis

A

glucose uptake

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31
Q

MEBENDAZOLE:
adverse effects

A

abdominal discomfort
teratogenic

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32
Q
  • broad spectrum anthelmentic activity against NEMATODES (intestinal)
  • SINGLE-DOSE tx for ASCARIASIS, HOOKWORM, and TRICHURIASIS
  • MULTIPLE DOSE therapy wfor the tx of PINWORM, THREADWORM, CAPILLARIASIS, CHLORNORCHIASIS, and HYDATID disease

HYDATID - seen in dogs

A

ALBENDAZOLE

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33
Q

ALBENDAZOLE:
____ for ASCARIASIS, HOOKWORM, and TRICHURIASIS

A

SINGLE DOSE

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34
Q

ALBENDAZOLE:
____ for the tx of PINWORM, THREADWORM, CAPILLARIASIS, CHLORNORCHIASIS, and HYDATID disease

A

MULTIPLE DOSE

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35
Q
  • active against BLOOD TREMATODE: Shistosoma hematobium, S. japonicum, S. mansoni
  • leads to BLOODY STOOL
A

NIRIDAZOLE

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36
Q

NIRIDAZOLE MOA:
inhibits the CONVERSION of the active form of ____ into inactive form

A

schistosomal glycogen phosphorylase

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37
Q
  • TAENICIDE, a saline purge 1-2hrs after ingestion is recommended to REMOVE the SCOLEX and WORM SEGMENTS
  • potent TAENICIDE that segments worms and scolex
A

NICLOSAMIDE

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38
Q

NICLOSAMIDE MOA:
inhibition of ____, ____ by ANaerobic metabolism and inhibition of ____ into ATP

A

inhibition of glucose uptake, energy production, inorganic phosphate incorporation

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39
Q
  • CHLORINATED BISPHENOL formerly used in soaps and cosmetics for its antimicrobial activity
  • Fasciolicide and Taenicide
A

BITHIONOL

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40
Q
  • antischistosomial agent for INTESTINAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS
A

OXAMNIQUINE

OXAM sa HISTO

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41
Q
  • broad spectrum against FLUKES
  • DOC: BLOOD FLUKES
A

PRAZIQUANTEl

ZI QUAN pang DUGO

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42
Q

PRAZIQUANTEL MOA:
produces ____ contraction within the muscle system of the fluke (alteration in the influx of calcium ions) leading to segment worms

A

TETANIC-LIKE

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43
Q
  • obtained from STREP. AVERMITILIS
  • used in controlling ENDO and ECTO parasites in DOMESTIC ANIMALS
  • effective for ONOCHOCERCIARIS in humans that is caused by Oncocerca volvulus
A

IVERMECTIN

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44
Q

DOC: NEMATODES

Ascaris lumbricoides
(roundworm)

A

PAM
Pyrantel palmoate
Albendazole
Mebendazole

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45
Q

DOC: NEMATODES

HOOKWORM

A

PAM
Pyrantel palmoate
Albendazole
Mebendazole

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46
Q

OLD-world hookworm

A

Anyclostoma duodenale

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47
Q

NEW-world hookworm

A

Necator americanus

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48
Q

DOC: NEMATODES

TRICHURIS
Trichuris trichuria

A

AM
Albendazole
Mebendazole

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48
Q

DOC: NEMATODES

STRONGYLOIDES

A

Ivermectin

STRONG si IVER

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49
Q

DOC: NEMATODES

Enterobius vermivularis

A

PM
Pyrantel palmoate
Mebendazole

PM mo si VERMI

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50
Q

DOC: NEMATODES

TRICHINELLA

A

Mebendazole

ELLA & BEN

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51
Q

DOC: NEMATODES

CUTANEOUS LARVA MIGRANS

A

AI
Albendazole
Ivermectin

nag MIGRATE si AIAI

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52
Q

DOC: NEMATODES

ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS

A

Ivermectin

ECHOSERA si IVER

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53
Q

DOC: TREMATODES

Shistosoma haematobium
Schistosoma mansoni
Schistosoma japoniucm
Paragonimus westermani

A

PRAZIQUANTEL

nag SCHI (ski) at PARAgliding SI KWAN (ziquan)

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54
Q

DOC: TREMATODES

Fasciola hepatica

A

Bithionol
Triclalbendazole

may HEPA si no. 23

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54
Q
A
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55
Q

DOC: TREMATODES

Fasciolopsis buski

A

Praziquantel
Niclosamide

si AZI at NICO ay naglaro ng BUSKItbol

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56
Q

DOC: CESTODES

Taenia saginata
Taenia solium

A

Praziquantel
Niclosamide

kumain ng SAGing galing sa SOIL si AZI at NICO

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57
Q

DOC: CESTODES

Hymenolepsis nana

A

Niclosamide

kumain ng HYMEN si NICO

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58
Q

DOC: CESTODES

Cysticercosis

A

Albendazole

may CYST si ALBEN

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59
Q

DOC: CESTODES

Diphylobothrium latum

A

Praziquantel
Niclosamide

naglaro ng LATU LATU si AZI at NICO

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60
Q

DOC: CESTODES

Echinococcus granulosus

A

Albendazole

CHINO & ALBEN richards

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61
Q

ANTISCABIOUS AND ANTIPEDICULAR AGENTS

compounds used to control MITES (Sarcoptes scabiei)

A

SCABICIDE

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62
Q

ANTISCABIOUS AND ANTIPEDICULAR AGENTS

used to eliminate head, body, and crab LICE, FLEAS

A

PEDICULICIDE

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63
Q

ANTISCABIOUS AND ANTIPEDICULAR AGENTS

  • ester from PERU BALSAM
  • topical scabicide
A

BENZOYL BENZOATE

64
Q

ANTISCABIOUS AND ANTIPEDICULAR AGENTS

BENZOYL BENZOATE:
components

A

benzyl alcohol
benzoyl chloride

65
Q

ANTISCABIOUS AND ANTIPEDICULAR AGENTS

  • HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON with insecticidal activity
  • a DIRECT POISON, fumigant effect, acts as a STOMACH POISON
  • tx of SCABIES and PEDICULOSIS
66
Q

ANTISCABIOUS AND ANTIPEDICULAR AGENTS

TOPICAL tx of SCABIES

A

Crotamiton

67
Q

ANTISCABIOUS AND ANTIPEDICULAR AGENTS

  • synthetic PYRETHRINOID compound
  • derived from permethrone
  • exerts lethal action against LICE, TICKS, MITES, and FLEAS
  • pediculicide fofr the treatment of HEADLICE
A

PERMETHRIN

68
Q

ANTIBACTERIAL SULFONAMIDES

is SULFONAMIDES a TMP antibiotics?

TRIMETHOPRIN

A

NO
sulfonamides are SYNTHETIC antibacterial agents

69
Q

ANTIBACTERIAL SULFONAMIDES

PARENT compound of SULFONAMIDES

70
Q

brilliant azo red dye

71
Q

NATURAL products biosynthesized by microorganisms that are toxic to toher species of microorganisms

A

ANTIBIOTICS

72
Q

____ were the FIRST SUCCESSFUL SELECTIVELY TOXIC antibacterial drugs

A

SULFONAMIDES

73
Q

SULFONAMIDES

____ was discovered by GERHARD DUGMAK in 1936

74
Q

SULFONAMIDES

PRONTOSIL was discovered by ____

A

GERHARD DUGMAK, 1936

75
Q

SULFONAMIDES

  • used to successfully treat PUERPERAL SEPSIS (childbirth fever) in London
  • first effective CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC agent to cure bacterial infections in humans
76
Q

SULFONAMIDES

what reaction occurs in PRONTOSIL

A

azo reduction

77
Q

SULFONAMIDES

PRODUCTS of PRONTOSIL AZO REDUCTION

A

Sulfanilamide + Triaminobenzene

78
Q

SULFONAMIDES

  • GERMAN bacteriologist and pathologist who was awarded the 1939 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the antibacterial effects of PRONTOSIL
A

GERHARD DOMAGK

79
Q

SULFONAMIDES

the FIRST sulfonamide drugs

80
Q

SULFONAMIDES

  • BRILLIANT AZO RED DYE
  • found to protect against and cure Streptococcal infections in mice
  • it is converted to its active metabolite “SULFANILAMIDE”
81
Q

SULFONAMIDES

PRONTOSIL:
active metabolite

A

sulfanilamide

82
Q

SULFONAMIDES

  • a generic term that denotes: ANILINE-substituted sulfonamides/sulfanilamides
  • prodrugs that generate active sulfanilamides
A

SULFANILAMIDE

83
Q

SULFONAMIDES

  • NON-aniline sulfonamide
  • used in BURN patients
  • NONabsorbable
A

MAFENIE
trade name: Sulfamylon

84
Q

SULFONAMIDES

Sulfonamides derived from p-amino-benzenesulfonamide are commonly referred to as ____

A

sulfa drugs

85
Q

SULFONAMIDES

SULFA drugs are derived from

A

p-amino-benzenesulfonamide

86
Q

SULFONAMIDES

era of sulfa drugs

87
Q

SULFONAMIDES | STRUCTURE

the chemical modification of this part of the molecule INCREASES ACTIVITY and modifies some pharmacological properties

88
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

other aromatic rings or introducing other groups intro the benzene ring will ____ or ____ the ANTIMICROBIAL activities

A

decrease or lose

89
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

____ will enhance the POTENCY

A

MONO-substitution

90
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

____ have BETTER activities

A

HETEROCYCLIC rings

91
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

____ will LOSE their activities

A

BIS-substitution

92
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

____ are essential for antimicrobial activities

A

UNsubstituted or potential amino group

93
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

SULFONIC group must be in the ____ of ANILINE

A

4-position

94
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

____ or ____ substitution will LOSE the activities

A

2 or 4-position

95
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

____ wil DECREASE the potency

A

other amide group

96
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

  • a sulfonamide that is a structural analog of PABA
  • competitively INHIBITS the synthesis of DIHYDROFOLIC ACID from PABA
A

SULFAMETHOXAZOLE

97
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

  • a structural analog of a portion of dihydrofolic acid
  • competitively INHIBITS the synthesis of TETRAHYDROFOLIC acid
A

TRIMETHOPRIM

98
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

PRECURSORS of proteins, DNA, RNA

A

Tetrahydrofolic acid

99
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

STARTING molecules for the synthesis of folic acid

A

Para-aminobenzoic acid + Pteridine

100
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

SULFAMETHOXAZOLE and DAPSONE inhibits ____

DAPSONE - tx for LEPROSY

A

dihydroPTEROATE synthetase

101
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

TRIMETHOPRIM inhibits ____

A

dihydroFOLATE reductase

102
Q

SULFONAMIDES | SARs

Sulfomethoxazole + Trimethoprim

A

CLOTRIMOXAZOLE
synergism

103
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ABSORPTION

achieve PEAK blood levels in how many mins

104
Q

SULFONAMIDES | DISTRIBUTION

highly ____

A

plasma protein bound

105
Q

SULFONAMIDES | DISTRIBUTION

Sulfonamides given in LATE TERM can INDUCE ____

A

neonatal jaundice

106
Q

SULFONAMIDES | DISTRIBUTION

should NOT be taken with LARGE amounts of WATER to prevent ____

A

CRYSTALLURIA

107
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOXICITY

RENAL toxicity:
older sulfonamides

A

crystalluria

108
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOXICITY

BLOOD dyscrasias

A

hemolytic anemia

109
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOXICITY

DERMAL toxicity

A

rashes, pruritus, erythema, SJS

110
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOXICITY

RARE but serious SE

A

hepatitis
drug-induced fever

111
Q

SULFONAMIDES | BACTERIAL RESISTANCE

synthesizing LARGE amounts of ____

112
Q

SULFONAMIDES | BACTERIAL RESISTANCE

____ is altered so that it NO longer is inhibitable by sulfonamides

A

bacterial dihydropteroate synthetase

113
Q

SULFONAMIDES | BACTERIAL RESISTANCE

bacteria utilize ____ which bypasses 1-carbon synthesis of bases

A

salvage pathway

114
Q

SULFONAMIDES

spectrum of activity

A

G+, G-, Nocardia, Chlamydia, Protozoa, Enteric

115
Q

SULFONAMIDES

ADR

A

CRANK
Crystalluria
Rashes
Anemia
Nausea
Kernicterus

116
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE SINGLE

antibacterial

A

Sulfamethizole
Sulfisoxazole
Sulfacetamide
Sulfachloropyridiazine

METH SOX ACET (asset) ni CHLORO

117
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE SINGLE

PRODRUG of Sulfisoxazole

A

Sulfisoxazole acetyl

118
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE SINGLE

  • salt is prepared by adding enough DIETHANOLAMINE to a solution of SULFISOXAZOLE
  • used in solution for SYSTEMIC administration
  • used for installation of drops or ointments in the EYE for the treatment of LOCAL EYE INFECTION
A

SULFISOXAZOLE DIOLAMINE

119
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE SINGLE

SULFISOXAZOLE DIOLAMINE:
salt is prepared by adding enough ____ to a solution of sulfisoxazole

A

DIETHANOLAMINE

120
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE SINGLE

MORE SOLUBLE in ACIDIC urine

A

SULFAMETHAZINE

121
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE SINGLE

SULFAMETHAZINE:
more solbule in ____ urine

122
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE SINGLE

FIRST agent for the treatment of PNEUMONIA

A

SULFAPYRIDINE

123
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE SINGLE

administered as a 5% solution in sterile water IV for patient requiring an immediate HIGH BLOOD LEVEL of SULFONAMIDE

A

Sulfadiazine sodium

124
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE MIX

  • available in oral suspension and tablet form
  • contains equal amount of sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine
A

TRIsulfapyrimidines

125
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE MIX

  • tx of Plasmodium falciparum (px. with CHLOROQUINE resistance)
  • useful for PROPHYLAXIS of chloroquine resistant P. falciparum malaria
  • used for MALARIA PROPHYLAXIS for TRAVELLERS where chloroquine resistant malaria is ENDEMIC
A

Sulfadoxine & Pyrimethamine

126
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOPICAL

  • VERY soluble in water
  • used as EYE DROPS
  • for REPEATED topical applications in the local management of OPHTHALMIC infections
A

Sulfacetamide sodium

127
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOPICAL

  • SHORT to INTERMEDIATE acting sulfonamide
  • IM, IV
A

Sulfisoxazole diolamine

128
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOPICAL

  • contains sulfabenzamide, sulfacetamide, sulfathiozole
  • as a VAGINAL cream in the tx of Haemophilus vaginalis
129
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOPICAL

TRIsulfa contains:

A

sulfabenzamide
sulfacetamide
sulfathiozole

nag TRI si BEN ng ACET niya kaya siya ay nakaTHIO

130
Q

SULFONAMIDES | ORAL ABSORBABLE MIX

TRIsulfapyrimidines contains equal amounts of:

A

sulfadiazine
sulfamerazine
sulfamethazine

sina DIA, MERA at METHA ay gumawa ng PYRAMID

131
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOPICAL for BURN

  • homologue of the sulfanilamide molecule that is NOT inhibited by PABA
  • effective against Clostridium welchii and for the prophylaxis for wounds
A

Mafenide acetate

132
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOPICAL for BURN

  • tx of infection against Pseudomonas spp.
  • a VERY POTENT antimicrobial in the treatment of burns, scald, and wound infections
  • PATIENT ACCEPTANCE is BETTER than mafenide
A

Silver sulfadiazine and zinc salt

133
Q

SULFONAMIDES | TOPICAL for BURN

why is the PATIENT ACCEPTANCE of Silver sulfadiazine and zinc salt BETTER than MAFENIDE?

A

bc it does not cause systemic acidosis

134
Q

SULFONILAMIDES | INTESTINAL, ULCERATIVE, BACTERIAL FLORA

  • effectivev in treating ULCERATIVE COLITIS
A

Sulfasalazine

135
Q

SULFONILAMIDES | INTESTINAL, ULCERATIVE, BACTERIAL FLORA

SULFASALAZINE:
prodrug

A

5-aminosalicylic acid & sulfapyridine

136
Q

needed for BACTERIAL GROWTH and CELL DIVISION

A

Dihydrofolate Reductase inhibitors

137
Q

DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE INHIBITORS

  • closely related to several anti-malarials
  • a potent antibacterial
  • tx of UNCOMPLICATED UTI
A

Trimethoprim

138
Q

DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE INHIBITORS

  • tx of CHRONIC UTI
  • DOC for booth COMPLICATED and UNCOMPLICATED UTI especially caused by ENTEROBACTERIA
A

Sulfamethoxazole & Trimethoprim

139
Q

UNTOWARD EFFECTS OF SULFONAMIDES

HEMATOPOIETIC system

A

hemolytic anemia
(in G6PD deficient patients)

140
Q

UNTOWARD EFFECTS OF SULFONAMIDES

URINARY tract

A

occlusions due to precipitates

141
Q

UNTOWARD EFFECTS OF SULFONAMIDES

DRUG INTERACTION

A

high affinity to plasma proteins

142
Q

Sulfonamides are used only when a particular agent is known to be ____ or ____ than other antibiotics for particular infeciton

A

equal or better

143
Q

when sulfonamide is used SYSTEMICALLY:
____ and ____ must be monitored closely

A

hematopoietic system & renal function

144
Q

when sulfonamide is used SYSTEMICALLY:
the patient must be given sufficient amount of water to produce ____ of urine

A

1.2 L / day

145
Q
  • reported to be effective against MALARIA and RICKETTSIAL infections
  • MOA: same with sulfonamides
  • CROSS RESISTANCE to sulfonamides
  • mainly used for treating LEPROSY caused by M. leprae
146
Q

SULFONES

reported to be effeective against ____ and ____ infections

A

malaria and rickettsial

147
Q

SULFONES

MOA

A

same w sulfonamides

148
Q

SULFONES

CROSS RESISTANCE to ____

A

sulfonamides

149
Q

LEPROSY is also known as

A

Hansen’s disease

150
Q

SULFONES

aside from rodents (mice) ____ is another biological test animal to culture M. leprae

151
Q

SULFONES | DAPSONE STRUCTURE

susbtitution on both ____ and ____ functional groups

A

4- and 4’-amino

152
Q

SULFONES | DAPSONE STRUCTURE

____ on ONLY ONE AMINO functional group

A

MONOsubstitution

153
Q

SULFONES | DAPSONE STRUCTURE

____ on the BENZENOID RINGS

A

Nuclear substitution

154
Q

SULFONES | DAPSONE STRUCTURE

replacement of ONE of the PHENYL ring with a ____

A

heterocyclic ring

155
Q

SULFONES

DAPSONE:
parent compound

156
Q

SULFONES

PROTOTYPE of sulfone

157
Q

SULFONES

  • treatment of both LEPROMATOUS and TUBERCULOID leprosy
  • DOC: DERMATITIS HERPETIFORMIS
  • sometimes used with pyrimethamine for the tx of MALARIA and with TMP for PCP
  • SE: hemolytic anemia, methemoglobinemia, toxic hepatic effects
158
Q

SULFONES

DAPSONE:
DOC

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

159
Q

SULFONES

DAPSONE:
sometimes used with ____ for the tx of MALARIA

A

pyrimethamine

160
Q

SULFONES

DAPSONE:
sometimes used with ____ for PCP

A

Trimethoprim

PMOC lec (13 decks)

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