Anti-Parasite Flashcards

1
Q

Les ectoparasites

A

Qui vivent à la surface du corps

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2
Q

Site d’infection de la gale (Sarcoptes scabei)

A

Peau humaine, poignets, sillons interdigitaux

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3
Q

Transmission du Sarcoptes scabei

A

Transmission contact personne-personne
Incubation 2 mois

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4
Q

Sx gale

A

Prurit cutané

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5
Q

Traitement pour la Gale

A

Perméthrine 5% ou Ivermectin PO

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6
Q

Endoparasites

A

Intérieur de l’organisme

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7
Q

Classification des Taenia, Diphyllobotrium, Echinococcus

A

Helminthe, plats, segmenté

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8
Q

Les types de Taenia et les 2 présentations

A

T. saginata = boeuf
T. Salium = porc

Taeniase = intestinale
Cysticercose = extra-intestinale

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9
Q

Mécanisme de transmission du Taenia Saginata ou Taenia Salium (intestinal) –> Taeniase

A

1- eggs in human feces passed to environment
2-Cattle/pig ingests contaminated vegetation
3- Development in muscle
4- human eats raw meat
5- Taenia attaches in intestin

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10
Q

Sx taeniase

A

Surtout asymptomatique
Occasionnellement: segment selles, No, Anorexie

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11
Q

Mécanisme du Taenia solium (cysticercose)

A

1- eggs in human feces passed to environment
2- Egg ingested by human
3- Egg hatches, penetrates intestine wall, circulates muscles
4- Cysticercose

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12
Q

Sx cysticercose

A

Phase Asx 3-8 semaine post ingestion (tolérance immunitaire)

Phase inflammatoire: 3-5 ans après infection, dégénérescence des défences

NEurocysticercose: épilepsie

Cysticercose extra-neural (oculaire, IM)

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13
Q

Traitement taeniase

A

Praziquantel ou Niclosamide (vérifier cure 3 mois)

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14
Q

Traitement neurocysticercose

A

Anti-épileptiques
Corticothérapie
Antiparasitaire inutil si calcifé, danger si oedeme (Albendazole 7-28j)

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15
Q

Dyphyllobothrium latum sx

A

Habituellement Asx, mais compétition B12 (diminu B12)

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16
Q

Mécanisme de transmission diphyllobothrium latum

A

1- egg in feces
2- egg in water
3- egg hatched and ingested by crustaceans
4-Larvae in crustacea, ingested by fish
5- human ingests raw fish
6-Adults in small intestin
7- immature egg in intestin

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17
Q

Traitement Diphyllobothrum latum

A

Praziquantel

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18
Q

3 présentation clinique echinococcus

A

1- Kystique = E. granulosus
2- Alvéolaire = E. multicularis
3- Polykystique = vogeli

19
Q

Mécanisme Echinococcus

A

1- Adult cestod in definite host (dog)
2- Egg in feces
3- Ingestion egg by intermediate hoste or by human
4- Cyst in liver, lungs, etc

20
Q

Traitement echinococcus

A

Chirurgie
Albendazole
Laparoscopie (granulosus)

21
Q

Classification des Schistosoma

A

Helminthe - plat- non segmenté - Trématode

22
Q

Lésion de base Schistosoma

A

Granule

23
Q

Variation géographique

A

Intestinal ou Urogénital

24
Q

Mécanisme du schistosoma

A

1- Egg in water
2- Egg hatches in water
3- penetrates in snail and develops
4- Released by snail in water, free swimming
5- PEnetrates skin
6- Migrates to liver, mature into adult
7- Adult worm in bowel/rectum

25
Q

Sx schistosomiase aigue

A

Dermatite du baigneur
< 24h après exposition
Éruption prurigineuse/papulaire dure ad 1 semaine
Pré-exposition aggrave les Sx
Fièvre Katayama (2-8 sem post infx, migration vers et début de ponte)

26
Q

Sx schistosomiase chronique

A

Asymptomatique
Sinon des souches ont des Sx spécifiques
S. mansoni = polypose, ulcère
S. japonicum = myocardite
S. haetuobium = hématurie

27
Q

Traitement Shistosoma

A

Praziquantel (retester 3-6 mois)

28
Q

Classification des Ascaris, trichuris, enterobius, microfilaires

A

Helminthe - rond - nématode

29
Q

Sx enterobius vermicularis

A

Prurit anal, irritabilité, occ vaginal

30
Q

Mécanisme de transmission de l’enterobius vermicularis

A

1- Egg in per-anal fold. Larva in egg - matures in 4-6 h
2- Embryonated egg ingested by human
3- Larva hatches in small intestines
4- Adult in caecum, female migrates to perianale to lay eggs

31
Q

Tx pour enterobius vermicularis

A

Mébemdazole ou pyrantel

32
Q

Mécanisme de transmission du Ascaris

A

1- Adul in smalll intestin
2- FErtilized egg in nature
3- Embryonated egg
4- Ingestion of egg by human
4- Hatched egg in larva – goes to lungs
6- Coughs lungs out and goes back to TGI

33
Q

Sx Ascaris

A

ASx
Hypersensibilité pulmonaire (pneumonite)
Vomir un ver
Obstruction iléo-caecale
Obstruction voies biliaires

34
Q

Traitement Ascaris

A

Pas de Tx lors pneumonite
Sinon
Albendazole, mébendale, pyrantel (grossesse)

Suivi 3 mois

35
Q

Type d’infection à ankylostomidés

A

Intestinaux ou cutanés

36
Q

Mécanisme ankylostomidés intestinal

A

Pénétration dans la peau provenant de la larve dans l’environnement

37
Q

Sx ankylostomidés intestinaux

A

Anémie ferriprive, malabsorption, Sx respiratoire

38
Q

Différence avec ankylostomidés cutanés

A

Juste dans la peau, aussi animaux, pas même capacité de nous envahir

39
Q

Tx ankylostomidé

A

Mébendazole

40
Q

Particularité de strongyloides stercoralis

A

Tropical et sub
Cycle complet chez humain

41
Q

Sx strongyloides stercoralis

A

Irritation locale site inoculation, peu symptomatique
Migration visible, souvent fesse
Duodénite, hyperinfx immunodéprimés

42
Q

Tx Strongyloides stercoralis

A

Ivermectin ou albendaole

43
Q

Mécanisme de trichinella spiralis

A

Consommation de viande crue, stade intestinal vs stade muscuulaire