Anti-Obesity

Question 1

What does a lesion in the ventromedial hypothalamus cause?

Answer 1

Hyperphagia and obesity

Question 2

Lesion in lateral hypothalamus causes

Answer 2

reduced food intake and weight loss

Question 3

Orexigenic factors (Peripheral and Central)

Answer 3

Peripheral: Ghrelin
Central: Hypoglycaemia, NPY, orexin, AGRP, Endocannabinoids, food conditioned as reward

Question 4

Anorexigenic factors (Peripheral and Central)

Answer 4

Peripheral: Adiposity signals (leptin, adiponectin, insulin), satiety (GLP-1, PYY, CCK, gastric distension)
Central: 5-HT, NA, melanocortins (alpha MSH etc.), sympathetic stimulation

Question 5

Agouti related peptide action on appetite

Answer 5

(melanocortin inhibitor) decreases energy expenditure

Question 6

Neuropeptide Y action on appetite

Answer 6

decreases energy expenditure + satiety, increases lipogenesis

Question 7

Orlistat MOA

Answer 7

gastric lipase inhibitor

Question 8

Orlistat Side Effects

Answer 8

Steatorrhea, stomach pain, wind, not for use in pregnant/breastfeeding women

Question 9

DNP MOA and side effects

Answer 9

MOA: uncoupler

Side Effects: cataracts, neuropathy, death

Question 10

Sibutramine MOA + side effects

Answer 10

MOA: SNRI
SE: CV risk

Question 11

Rimonabant MOA + side effects

Answer 11

MOA: CB1 inhibitor
SE: Suicidality

Question 12

Gastric Bypass mechanism

Answer 12

Roux-en-Y - alimentary limb connected mid jejunum, increased postprandial GLP-1 after meals (satiety)
Sleeve gastrectomy - 85% of stomach removed, same as above but Roux-en-Y more successful