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phrm 820 > Anti- infectives > Flashcards

Anti- infectives Flashcards

1
Q

doxycycline -
monohydrate or hyclate forms (brand name)

A

Vibramycin, Adoxa, Monodox

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2
Q

doxycycline -
monohydrate or hyclate forms (common strengths)

A

20mg, 50mg, 75mg, 100mg, 150mg

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3
Q

doxycycline -
monohydrate or hyclate forms (common frequency)

A

q12hr

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4
Q

doxycycline -
monohydrate or hyclate forms (indication)

A

Treatment (Tx) of:
Respiratory tract infections (RTI)
Urinary tract infections (UTI)
Acne and skin infections
Sexually transmitted infections (STI)

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5
Q

doxycycline -
monohydrate or hyclate forms (counseling tips)

A

• Sun-sensitivity: use sunscreens, avoid tanning beds
• Take with food to prevent stomach upset
• Do not take food, vitamins, or medication containing Ca++, Fe++, Mg++, or Zn++ within 2 hrs before or 2 hrs after doxycycline
• Though unlikely, may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives (OC); use additional form of birth control (BC) during and 1 wk after last dose

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6
Q

doxycycline -
monohydrate or hyclate forms (drug class)

A

Anti-bacterials (Antibiotics)

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7
Q

Amoxicillin (drug class)

A

Anti-bacterials (Antibiotics)

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8
Q

Amoxicillin (brand name)

A

Amoxil

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9
Q

Amoxicillin (common strengths)

A

250mg, 500mg, 875mg

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10
Q

Amoxicillin (common frequency)

A

q8h, q12h

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11
Q

Amoxicillin (indications)

A

Tx of:
RTI, UTI, STI, Ear, nose, throat (ENT), skin infections

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12
Q

Amoxicillin (counseling points)

A

Though unlikely, may decrease effectiveness of OC; use additional form of BC during and 1 wk after last dose
Contraindicated if penicillin allergy

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13
Q

Cephalexin (drug class)

A

Anti-bacterials (Antibiotics)

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14
Q

Cephalexin (brand)

A

Keflex

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15
Q

Cephalexin (common strengths)

A

250mg, 500mg

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16
Q

Cephalexin (common frequency)

A

q6h, q8h

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17
Q

Cephalexin (indication)

A

Tx of:
RTI, UTI, ENT, skin and bone infections

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18
Q

Cephalexin (counseling points)

A

Do not take vitamins or medication containing Zn++ for atleast 3 hrs after cephalexin
Contraindicated if cephalosporin allergy
Caution if penicillin allergy

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19
Q

Azithromycin (brand)

A

Zithromax, Z-Pak, Tri-Pak

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20
Q

Azithromycin (common strengths)

A

250mg, 500mg

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21
Q

Azithromycin (common frequencies)

A

Z-Pak:
Two 250mg tablets PO(500mg)on day 1, then one tablet days 2-5
q24h

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22
Q

Azithromycin (indications)

A

Tx of:
RTI, STI, ENT, skin and eye infections

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23
Q

Azithromycin (counseling points)

A

Do not take with an Al++ or Mg++ containing antacid
QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interaction with many different medications
Contraindicated if macrolide allergy

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24
Q

Azithromycin (drug class)

A

Anti-bacterials (Antibiotics)

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25
Q

Ciprofloxacin (drug class)

A

Anti-bacterials (Antibiotics)

26
Q

Ciprofloxacin (brand)

A

Cipro, Ciloxan

27
Q

Ciprofloxacin (common strengths)

A

250mg, 500mg, 750mg

28
Q

Ciprofloxacin (common frequencies)

A

q12h

29
Q

Ciprofloxacin (indication)

A

Tx of:
STI, prostatitis
Skin, bone, Pneumonia, Complicated UTI, RTI, abdominal infections

30
Q

Ciprofloxacin (counseling points)

A

QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interaction with many different medications
Do not take food or medications containing Ca++, Fe++within 2 hrs before or 2 hrs after ciprofloxacin
Sun-sensitivity: use sunscreens, avoid tanning beds
May increase caffeine sensitivity
Contraindicated if fluoroquinolone allergy

31
Q

sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) (drug class)

A

Anti-bacterials (Antibiotics)

32
Q

sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(SMZ-TMP) (brand name)

A

Bactrim DS

33
Q

sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(SMZ-TMP) (common strengths)

A

800mg[S]/ 160mg[T]

34
Q

sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(SMZ-TMP) (common frequencies)

A

q12h

35
Q

sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(SMZ-TMP) (indications)

A

Tx of:
RTI, UTI, HIV-associated infection

36
Q

sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(SMZ-TMP) (counseling points)

A

Sun-sensitivity: use sunscreens, avoid tanning beds
Take with at least 8 oz. water
Contraindicated if sulfa allergy

37
Q

Nitrofurantoin (drug class)

A

Anti-bacterials (Antibiotics)

38
Q

Nitrofurantoin (brand)

A

Macrobid, Macrodantin

39
Q

Nitrofurantoin (common strengths)

A

100mg

40
Q

Nitrofurantoin (common frequency)

A

q12h

41
Q

Nitrofurantoin (indication)

A

Tx of UTI

42
Q

Nitrofurantoin (counseling points)

A

Orange or brown urine is expected and not cause for concern
Do not take food or medications containing Mg++ within 2hrs before or 2 hrs after nitrofurantoin
Take with food/milk to ↑ absorption

43
Q

Metronidazole (drug class)

A

Anti-bacterials (Antibiotics)

44
Q

Metronidazole (brand)

A

Flagyl

45
Q

Metronidazole (common strengths)

A

250mg 500mg

46
Q

Metronidazole (common frequencies)

A

q6h, q8h, q12h

47
Q

Metronidazole (indication)

A

Tx of:
Abscess, Vaginosis, Gastrointes-tinal (GI) tract infections, STI

48
Q

Metronidazole (counseling points)

A

Contraindicated: Alcohol use during therapy and for 3 days following last dose
Metallic taste in mouth
Headache common adverse effect

49
Q

Fluconazole (drug class)

A

Anti-Fungal

50
Q

Fluconazole (brand)

A

Diflucan

51
Q

Fluconazole (common strengths)

A

100mg, 150mg, 200mg

52
Q

Fluconazole (common frequencies)

A

q24h, single dose for vaginitis

53
Q

Fluconazole (indication)

A

Tx
fungal infections of:
Mouth(thrush), Skin, Vagina, HIV- associated infections

54
Q

Fluconazole (counseling points)

A

QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interaction with many different medications
Report any new skin rash to the prescriber

55
Q

Valacyclovir (drug class)

A

Anti-Viral

56
Q

Valacyclovir (brand)

A

Valtrex

57
Q

Valacyclovir (indications)

A

Tx
herpes viral infections of:
Genitals, Cold sores, Shingles

58
Q

Valacyclovir (common strengths)

A

500mg, 1 gram

59
Q

Valacyclovir (common frequencies)

A

q8h, q12h, q24h

60
Q

Valacyclovir (counseling points)

A

Headache common adverse effect
Does not prevent disease transmission [avoid sex when sores are present]
Drink lots of fluids to prevent accumulation in kidneys

phrm 820 (10 decks)

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