Anti Hypertensive Flashcards
1
Q
two equations for BP
A
- [[EDV-ESV] x HR] x SVR
2. CO x SVR
2
Q
how to reduce cardiac output (3)
A
- reduce blood volume
- reduce heart rate
- reduce stroke volume
3
Q
how to reduce systemic vascular resistance
A
dilate systemic vasculature
4
Q
4 anatomic sites of BP control
A
- resistance arterioles
- capacitance venules
- pump output heart
- volume kidneys
5
Q
how do diuretics lower BP? (2)
A
- depleting the body of sodium and H20
2. reducing blood volume ( lowers SV)
6
Q
6 types of Diuretics
A
- loop diuretics
- thiazide diuretics
- Potassium sparing diuretics
- osmotic diuretics
- carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
- vasopressin (ADH) antagonists
7
Q
which diuretic works on the DCT?
A
thiazides (K+ sparing diuretics?)
8
Q
uses of loop diuretics
A
- tx and prevention of edematous conditions, hyperkalemia, HTN (2nd line)
9
Q
Adverse effects of loop diuretics
A
- Na/volume depletion- hTN, renal insufficiency, etc
- hypokalemia (arrythmias), hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis
- ototoxicity
- hyperuricemia
10
Q
Name 4 thiazides
A
- hydrochlorothiazide
- chlorthalidone
- indapamide
- metolazone
11
Q
which diuretic is used as FIRST line tx for HTN?
A
thiazides
12
Q
adverse effects of thiazide (4)
A
- hypovolemia
- hypokalemia , hyponatremia (COMMON), hypochloremia, hypomagnesemia
- hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia (gout)
- metabolic alkalosis
13
Q
K+ sparing diuretics that inhibit renal epithelial Na+ channels
A
triamterene and amiloride
14
Q
these drugs dont act from the luminal side of the tubule
A
aldosterone receptor antagonists
15
Q
aldosterone receptor antagonists
A
spironolactone and eplerenone
