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Drugs > Anti-fungal Drugs > Flashcards

Anti-fungal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Amphotericin B (AmB)

A 
IV
binds directly to Ergosterol in cell membrane to form pore
Yeast and moulds
Renal toxicity
hepatic and renal excretion
only used in life threatening infections
Used in conjugation with 5-FC for treatment of Cryptococcus meningitis 
has anti-leishmanial activity

Used for: zygomycetes, crypt neoformans, severe histoplama

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2
Q

7 Azole Drugs

A 
Clotrimazole- topical, OTC
Miconazole- topical, OTC
Ketoconazole- PO/ topical
Itraconazole- PO
Fluconazole- PO/IV
Voriconazole- IV, PO drug
Posaconazole- PO
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3
Q

Azoles action

A 
inhibit Lanosterol C14- Demethylase (Cyt P-450 enzyme) required for synthesis of ergosterol in cell membrane
yeast and moulds
hepatic toxicity (elevated AST/ALT)
Hepatic elimination for all
Renal elimination for fluconazole (too)
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4
Q

Allyamines

A

inhibit squalene epoxidase (disrupts ergosterol synthesis in cell membrane)
Terbinafine and Naftifine

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5
Q

3 Echinocandins

A

Caspofungin
Micafungin
Anidulafungin

Used for candidia

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6
Q

Echinocandins Actions

A 
inhibits cell wall biosynthesis of (1-->3)-Beta-D-glucans 
IV
ONLY Candida and Aspergillus
Hepatic toxicity
Hepatic elimination
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7
Q

5- Fluorocytosine (5-FC)

A 
targets fungal nucleic acid synthesis 
PO
yeast 
Cryptococcus spp
Toxicity: hepatic, bone marrow, CNS
Renal elimination
Treatment for Crytococcus Meningitis (with Amphoteracin B)
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8
Q

Terbinafine

A

Lamisil
PO, topical
Inhibits squalene epoxidase/ergosterol synthesis
treatment of nail infections and Dermatophytes
elimination: hepatic
toxicity: hepatic

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9
Q

Griseofulvin

A

used orally for dermatophytosis

interferes with mitotic spindle assembly in fungal cells

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10
Q

Serum markers of invasive fungal infections

A

(1-3)Beta Glucan
Mannans
Galactomannan

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11
Q

Clotrimazole

A

topical, OTC
yeast
Used for superficial and cutaneous fungal infections

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12
Q

Miconazole

A

Topical, OTV

treat cutaneous and superficial fungal infection

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13
Q

Ketoconazole

A

Topical/Shampoo and PO
treat: Tinea corporis, cruris, pedis, versicolor, skin infections
Shampoo to treat Tinea Versicolor

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14
Q

Itraconazole

A

PO
Yeast and moulds
Treatment of histoplasmosis

Also good to treat onchymycosis and Tinea Versicolor

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15
Q

Fluconazole

A

PO, IV
Yeast
Mostly renal excretion
treatment: candida and maintenance of cryptoccous meningitis

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16
Q

Voriconazole

A

PO, IV

Treatment: asperguillus

17
Q

Posaconazole

A

PO
yeast and moulds
treat serious fungal infections in immunocompromised patients

18
Q

Nystatin

A

Binds Ergosterol to form pore in cell membrane- Polyene
Topical
Used for oral thrush

Drugs (5 decks)

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