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Pharm 4 > Anti-epileptic Drugs > Flashcards

Anti-epileptic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is Carbamazepine indicated for?

A

Partial seizures w/complex symptomatology

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2
Q

What should you not take with Carbamazepine?

A

Grapefruit juice

–> impairs absorption & distribution

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3
Q

What are some AEs of Carbamazepine?

A

Rahs (SJS)
Blood disorders
Liver disease
Bone health at risk

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4
Q

How is this med administered?

A

Chewable tablets

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5
Q

What are the indications for Clonazepam (klonipin)?

A

Absence seizures
Myoclonic seizures
Seizure clusters

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6
Q

What are the AEs of Clonazepam?

A 
Sedation
Rash
Behavioral/mood/memory disturbances
Blood/liver disorder
Tolerance
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7
Q

What category of Meds is Clonazepam?

A

Benzodiazepine

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8
Q

What should this drug be taken?

A

At night

–>because of its Benzo effects (Sedation)

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9
Q

What is the DOC for Absence (petit mal) Epilepsy?

A

Ethosuximide

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10
Q

What are the AEs of Ethosuximide?

A 
N/V
Anorexia
Ab pain
blood disorders
Behavioral changes
Rash (SJS)
SLE like symptoms
Gum Overgrowth (but rare)
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11
Q

What is the age limit for taking Felbamate?

A

Must be older then 14

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12
Q

What is the indication for Felbamate?

A

Partial onset seizures & tonic clonic seizures

*Over for those with severe epilepsy

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13
Q

What are 2 major AEs of Felbamate?

A

Aplastic anemia

Liver Failure

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14
Q

What are the Anti-epileptic meds that can be given as monotherapy?

A

Felbamate

Carbamazepine

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15
Q

When would you use Gabapentin?

A

As an add on only for partial seizures only

w/or w/out secondary generalization

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16
Q

How old do the patients have to be for Gabapentin to be prescribed?

A

At least 12 years old

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17
Q

What are some side effects of Gabapentin?

A

WG, Fatigue, Dizzy

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18
Q

What else can Gabapentin be prescribed for?

A

Fibromialgia

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19
Q

Which drug is a broad spectrum alternative for Depakote?

A

Lamotrigine

20
Q

What is Lamotrigine given for?

A

As an add on for

  • -> Simple or complex partial seizures
  • -> Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
  • -> Primary Generalized tonic clonic seizures
  • -> Monotherpary for adults
21
Q

What are the side effects of Lamotrigine

A

Dizzy, fatigue, insomnia, rarely SJS (secondary infections risk)

22
Q

What is an add on therapy for partial seizures in patients at least 4 years old w/epilespy

A

Levetiracetam

23
Q

What else can Levetiracetam be prescribed for?

A

Myoclonic seizures in pts at least 12 or older with Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy or for primary generalized tonic clonic seizures in pts at least 6 years

24
Q

How old do pts have to be to get Oxcarbazempine?

A

At least 4 yrs old

25
Q

What is Oxcarbazempine not prescribed for?

A

Absence or myoclonic seizures

26
Q

What is Phenobarbital prescribed for?

A

Add on for tonic clonic seizures or partial

27
Q

what are the side effects of phenobarbital?

A

OD, sedation, respiratory suppression, rash, SJS, liver/blood disorder, dependence, w/drawal, bone health, fetal health

28
Q

What are the side effects of Oxcarbazepine?

A

Anaphylaxis
Angioedema
Hyponatremia
SJS

29
Q

What is Phenytoin used for?

A

Monotherapy for all age groups, no age restrictions

30
Q

What seizures is Phenytoin prescribed for?

A

Partial & primary Grand Mal. Best for Partial

31
Q

Side effects of Phenytoin?

A 
Impairs cognition
Hair growth (cosmetic)
Skin reactions, rashes, SJS
Difficulty controlling levels
Bone health
Fetal health
Gingiva Hyperplasia (Gum disease)
32
Q

Is Phenytoin a maintenance medication?

A

Yes, it is only a chronic/maintenance drug

33
Q

What is Pregabalin used for?

A

Add on for Partial & Secondary generalized seizures

34
Q

Will Pregabalin work on primary seizures?

A

No, they are not affected with this med

35
Q

Side effects of Pregabalin?

A

No protein binding

Similar side effects to Gabapentin

36
Q

What are the drug interactions of Pregabalin?

A

There are none

37
Q

Does the liver metabolize Pregabaline?

A

No, it is not metabolized by the liver

38
Q

What are the side effects of Topiramate?

A 
Cognitive problems in 1/3 of pts
Renal stones (1-2%)
Glaucoma
W
Metabolic acidosis
Depression, agitations, hostility, psychosis
Sulfa allergy
39
Q

What is Topiramate prescribed for?

A

Works for adults & children (6-12) for
–> Partial onset seizures
–> Primary or generalized tonic clonic seizures
Seizures associated with LGS 2yrs old +

40
Q

Is Topiramate used for Monotherapy or adjunctive?

A

Both

41
Q

What age group is Valproic acid given to?

A

Any age group

42
Q

What seizures is Valproic acid (Depakote) used for?

A

Simple or complex absence or partial seizures

43
Q

What are some AEs of Valproic acid?

A 
WG
Tremor
Hair loss
GI upset
Blood disorders
Hepatic or pancreatic injury
Bone health (osteoporosis)
Fetal health
44
Q

What would you prescribe Vigabatrin for?

A

Partial seizures
W/or w/out secondary generalization
Infantile spasms

45
Q

What are the AEs of Vigabatrin?

A

Blindness

Renal Toxicity

46
Q

What side effects could present with Acetazolamide?

A 
Tinnitus
Numbness
Tingling (paraesthesia)
N/V
Loss of appetite
Rash (Sulfa allergy)
SJS
Blood disorder
Acidosis
47
Q

What are the indications for Acetazolamide?

A

Absence seizures
Unlocalized seizures
Catamenial seizures

Pharm 4 (4 decks)

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