Anti-emetics Flashcards
Serotonin Blockers
ondansetron (zofran)
dolasetron
SUBLINGUAL OR IV
Use: Tx N/V in chemo pt (30-3 hrs before treatment)
SE: H/A, dizzy, diarrhea
Nurse: IV OR SUBLING BEFORE CHEMO
Substance P/Neurokinin
aprepitant (Emend)
Use: combo therapy with steroids or ondansetron
SE: fatigue, diarrhea, dizzy
Watch: children and liver/ kidney
Used post-op N/V and CINV
Dopamine Antagonist
prochlorperazine
promethazine
Use: emesis d/t chemo, opioids, post-op
SE: EPS (restless, anxiety, muscle spasm = give lorazepam or Benadryl)
Hypotension, anticholinergic, sedation
Watch: children/elderly, pt with urinary retention, asthma, narrow glaucoma
Metoclopramide
“Stimulates peristalsis”
Use: post-op, GERD, delayed emptying
SE: EPS, sedation, diarrhea
Watch: GI, seizures, children/elderly
Med: other sedatives, CNS depression, opioids
Nurse: monitor EPS, CNS depression
<10 mg = undiluted over 2 min
> 10 mg = dilute D5W or LR over 15 min
Steroid
dexamethasone
Use: combo with other meds to decrease CINV
Cannabinoid
dronabinal
Use: CINV
SE: risk for depression/anxiety
NO TO PSYCH PATIENTS
Anticholinergic
scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) PATCH
Use: motion sickness (boats), pt with increased N/V with anesthesia
SE: sedation, anticholinergic effect
Watch: pt with renal, asthma, narrow glaucoma
Antihistamine
diphenhydrinate (Dramamine)
Use: motion sickness
SE: sedation, anticholinergic
Med: CNS depression, HTN meds, anticholinergics
Nurse: use in combo to decrease SE. PROPHYLACTICALLY