Anti-depressants Flashcards
What do you take with barbiturates that can kill you?
Alcohol
Class of CNS depressant that is used to treat anxiety, acute stress, and panic attacks
Benzodiazepines
Medications used for sleep =
hypnotics
Patient has anxiety and stress, and also has trouble sleeping. We would give them…
Sedative
Patient has no anxiety and no stress, but has trouble sleeping. We would give them…
Hypnotics
Drug class that has a wide therapeutic index?
Benzodiazepines [can take a lot without worrying so much about toxicity]
Two antibiotics that have a bad therapeutic index, so have to be monitored for toxicity?
Vancomycin
Gentamicin
Benzodiazepines enhance the effect of:
GABA, at the receptor level
Reversal agent of Benzodiazepines?
Flumazenil (GABA receptor antagonist!)
Top choices of Benzodiazepines for dental practices?
- Triazolam
- Midazolam
What drug has the most rapid IV onset of action?
Midazolam (Versed)
Adverse effects of Benzodiazepines?
Blurred vision, headache, confusion (basically, the side effects are an extension of their therapeutic effects)
Based on a literature review comparing different sedatives for children, it was determined that the best drug + route combo that produced the best sedation was:
Midazolam (IV)
Flumazenil (Romazicon) onset of action = ?
1-2 minutes
Possible side effects of Flumazenil (Romazicon) = ?
tachycardia, seizure
Recommended dose for adults of Flumazenil (Romazicon)?
200 mg (IV) every 1-2 minutes until the effect is seen (Maximum of 3 mg per hour)
What are the three uses for Flumazenil (Romazicon)?
- benzodiazepine overdose
- excessive sedation reversal
- high dose BZD dependency
Drug that is used for general anesthesia (MJ used this one!)
Propofol (Diprivan)
Onset of action for Propofol (Diprivan)?
~2 minutes
Pain reliever that can be given to avoid the use of opioids; CNS depressant
Ketamine (“Special K”, “Date-rape drug”)
