Anti-Cytokines (Rx) Flashcards
What 2 monoclonal antibodies reduce TNF-alpha cytokine?
Etanercept and Infliximab reduce TNF-alpha.
How does abatacept interfere with T-cell activation to treat RA?
Abatacept works by “co-stimulatory blockade” to inhibit CTLA-4 (and thus T-cell activation). This works by binding CD80 and CD86 (on an APC) to prevent the binding of CD28 (T-cell).
What is BAFF? Describe the mode by which an anti-cytokine inhibits this.
BAFF = B-cell Activating Factor. Benlysta is a monoclonal antibody that functions to neutralize BAFF to limit B-cell proliferation. This is used to treat Lupus.
Describe the cytokine affected, mechanism and disease treatment of this biological agent:
Adalimumab (Humira).
Adalimumab is a recombinant human antibody to TNF-alpha. This is administered subcutaneously to treat Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).
Antagonists of what interleukins are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
IL-1 and IL-6 antagonists are used to treat RA.
Antagonists of what interleukin are used to treat psoriasis? Name some examples.
IL-17A antagonists are used to treat psoriasis. Examples include secukinumab, ixekizumab and brodalumab.
What anti-cytokine therapy has a black-box label on it due to suicidal risk when taken?
Brodalumab that inhibits IL-17A in its treatment for psoriasis has a black-box label.
What anti-cytokine therapy is used to treat eczema and eosinophilic asthma? Describe how it works.
Dupilumab binds IL-4 receptor to modulate IL-4 and IL-13 signaling. It is used to treat Eosiniphilic astham and eczema.
What anti-cytokine binds to TNF-alpha with high affinity for treatment against Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Etanercept = has Fc IgG1 and TNF-R2 extracellular domain. This blocks the interaction between CTLA-4 and IgG1
What anti-cytokine reduces the levels of TNF alpha and dislodges bound cytokines from other cells?
Infliximab = administered via IV over 2 hours every 3 weeks to treat R.A.
What anti-cytokine complexes with soluble TNF-alpha to prevent its interaction with its receptor?
Adalimumab (Humira) = delivered subcutaneously to treat R.A.
What anti-cytokine blocks cellular effects of Interleukin-1 by acting as a receptor antagonist?
Anakinra = recombinant endogenous protein used to treat R.A. that lowers IL-1 binding. This blocks the interaction between the endogenous IL-1 receptor antagonist and IL-receptor.
What anti-cytokine inhibits BAFF from enhancing B-cell survival? What is it used to treat?
Belysta = monoclonal AB against BAFF that reduces B-cell proliferation and AB production. This is used to treat Lupus.
What anti-cytokine is an injectable antagonist to IL-17A and what is it used to treat?
Secukinumab = IL17 antagonist used to treat Psoriasis
What is the function of Certolizumab and what is it used to treat?
This is a human AB with pegylated Fab protein that is used to treat R.A. It works by reducing bound and soluble forms of TNF-alpha.
