Anthropological Perspective Flashcards
Is the study of human culture and society.
Cultural Anthropology
It is the study of people - their origin, their development, and contemporary variations, wherever and whenever those have been found (Ferraro 2008).
Cultural Anthropology
Anthropologist Clifford Geertz in “The Impact of the Concept of Culture on the Concept of Man” states that”…
culture provides the link between what men are intrinsically capable of becoming and what they actually, one by one, in fact become.”
Components of Culture
Language and Symbol
-It forms the core of all culture
Language
They condense very complex ideas and values into simple material
Symbols
are mental representations (concepts, categories, metaphors) used to organize stimulus; they are the basic units out of which knowledge is constructed and a word emerges.
Ideas
the storehouse where we
accumulate representations, information, facts, assumptions, etc.
Knowledge
are defined as culturally defined standards of desirability, goodness and beauty, which serve as a broad guidelines for social living.
Values
The Valuing Process
Choosing Freely
a. From Alternatives
b. After a thoughtful consideration
Prizing
c. Cherishing
d. Affirming the choice publicly
Acting
e. Actually doing something with the choice
f. Acting repeatedly
The result of the valuing process
values
The opposite is called
Value indicator
are how people use a common language to explain, justify, rationalize, excuse, or legitimize our behavior to themselves and to others.
Accounts
Behavioral Component
Norms, Mores, Laws, Folkways, Rituals
rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members
Norms
Catergory of norms
Prescriptive - MUST do
Proscriptive - MUST NOT do
They are customary behavior patterns or folkways which have taken on a moralistic value.
Mores
are the mores deemed so vital to dominant interests that they become translated into legal formations that even nonmembers of society are required to obey.
Laws
These are behavior patterns of society which are organized and repetitive
Folkways
Folkways are commonly knows as
customs
These are highly scripted ceremonies or strips of interaction that follow a specific sequence of actions
Rituals
is the process of learning and internalizing one’s own culture’s values, norms, beliefs, and behaviors
It is an internalization process that shapes people’s behavior within a certain cultural framework, allowing for assimilation into society¹.
Enculturation
Refers to the process of cultural exchange that occurs when individuals from different cultures come into contact with one another over an extended period
acculturation
four modes of acculturation:
assimilation, integration, separation, and marginalization
Occurs when individuals adopt the cultural norms of a dominant or host culture, over their original culture
Assimilation
Occurs when individuals maintain their original culture while also adopting the cultural norms of a dominant or host culture
Integration
Occurs when individuals reject the dominant or host culture in favor of preserving their culture of origin
Separation
Occurs when individuals reject both their original culture and the dominant or host culture. It creates a third culture.
Marginalization
