Anthrax

Question 1

Answer the following questions about the bacteria that causes Anthrax disease: Cutaneous 
Genus and species name
Meaning of anthracis
What disease characteristic does the word anthracis refer to?
Gram reaction of bacteria
Cell shape
Spore location
Oxygen requirement

Answer 1

Anthrax disease: Cutaneous 
Genus and species name
Meaning of anthracis 
What disease characteristic does the word anthracis refer to? spore forming aerobic bacteria
Gram reaction of bacteria: G+
Cell shape: Bacillus
Spore location: central
Oxygen requirement:aerobic

Question 2

Answer the following questions about the virulence factor of the bacteria that causes Anthrax:
What is the virulence factor?
What are some characteristics about the virulence factor?
What stage of the bacteria life cycle produces the virulence factor?
Can the bacteria produce the exotoxin in the aerobic human body?

Answer 2

1

Question 3

List the 3 forms of Human Anthrax and answer the following questions about each:
How is each form contracted?
What is the death rate for each without treatment?
Which form is also called Wool Sorter’s disease? Why?
Which form is most deadly?
Are any forms of anthrax contagious?
Which form is most commonly reported in the world? Which is rarest?
What form is most common in agricultural societies?
Which form would most likely be used in bioterrorism?
What is the incubation period?

Answer 3

1

Question 4

Is anthrax contagious?

Answer 4

no

Question 5

What is the availability to terrorists?

Answer 5

HIGH
Found naturally in soils around the world (even USA)
Found in labs around the world

Question 6

What is the stability of anthrax spores?

Answer 6

1

Question 7

What is meant by weaponized anthrax?

Answer 7

1

Question 8

Is there a human vaccine available? For what age group? And what are the components in the vaccine?

Answer 8

Yes 
~Ages 18 and older
~Human vaccine developed in 1970
93% effective
may prevent infection for those exposed
isolated proteins from anthrax that stimulate immunity

Question 9

What is the drug of choice for an active disease case of anthrax?

Answer 9

Cipro and Tetracycline

Question 10

What group of animal is most susceptible to anthrax and why?

Answer 10

grazing animals, not getting vaccinated**

Question 11

Can the animal vaccine be given to humans in an emergency?

Answer 11

No it is not for humans

Question 12

Can the human nose trap anthrax spores? Why or why not?

Answer 12

1

Question 13

How long can Anthrax spores survive in soil?

Answer 13

50 year!!!

Question 14

Does boiling destroy anthrax spores?

Answer 14

no it does not

Question 15

How can anthrax spores be destroyed?

Answer 15

Sterilization, chlorine dioxide gas or liquid

Question 16

Can macrophages destroy anthrax spores following phagocytosis?

Answer 16

1

Question 17

Answer the following questions about the bacteria that causes Anthrax disease: Gastrointestinal 
Genus and species name
Meaning of anthracis
What disease characteristic does the word anthracis refer to?
Gram reaction of bacteria
Cell shape
Spore location
Oxygen requirement

Answer 17

1

Question 18

Answer the following questions about the bacteria that causes Anthrax disease: Inhalation 
Genus and species name
Meaning of anthracis
What disease characteristic does the word anthracis refer to?
Gram reaction of bacteria
Cell shape
Spore location
Oxygen requirement

Answer 18

1