ANTH 2-1 Flashcards
Acclimation
When an organism experiences a phenotype change in response to an environmental stressor.
Adaptation
When a population experiences a change in its genotype in response to an environmental stressor.
Variation between human populations is ________ as large as variation between chimpanzee populations.
HALF
What do we mean when we say,
“Race is a mutable social category”?
Race is a flexible social construct that changes over time and across societies based on cultural, political, and historical contexts.
scientific racism
The use of scientific methods to justify hierarchical racial categories (Examples:
Anthropometry, Phrenology)
Biological Determinism
the idea that some people were essentially superior to others and justified violent oppression
Eugenics
Selective breeding of human populations. These ideas influenced immigration policy, anti-miscegenation, and segregation laws in the USA.
Race categories are:
flawed and bad science
inconsistent
Racial concepts…
do NOT map onto patterns of genetic variability and ancestry
Race is…
a cultural construction
Human variation is…
clinical and continous
Humans share…
most of our DNA with each
other
Human groups are…
populations not races
Human genetic variation…
Fits a model of serial founder effects as our species left Africa
Human genetic diversity is…
greater within than between groups
Racism has biological consequences.
Overall disease morbidity and mortality are elevated for historically marginalized or racialized groups.
Biological factors do not account for all of these health inequities.
Case Study 1: Inequity in pulse oximeters
Pulse oximeter devices have a higher error rate in black patients.
Research did not consider different skin tones -> gov. agencies (FDA) did not consider different skin tones -> continuously produces inequity.
Case Study 2: Discrimination and Stress
Discrimination → Stress → Health decline.
