Anterior Triangles

Question 1

Where is the Ant. Triangle located in respect to the posterior triangle?

Answer 1

Anteromedially, and upside down with respect to its base

Question 2

What are the borders of the Ant. Triangle?

Answer 2

Medial- Anterior median line of the neck
Lateral/Posterior - Anterior border of SCM
Base - Inferior border of mandible
Apex - jugular/suprasternal notch of sternum
Floor- pharynx, larynx, thyroid gland
—-deep to these muscles is the prevertebral fascia covering the prevertebral muscles of the neck…laterally this is continuous with the deep cervical fascia covering floor of post. triangle
Roof - platysma & fascia

Question 3

What are the 4 divisions of the Anterior Triangle

Answer 3

Submandibular Triangle
Submental Triangle
Carotid Triangle
Muscular Triangle

Question 4

Boundaries of the Submandibular Triangle

Answer 4

Inferior border of the mandible
Anterior & Posterior bellies of the digastric muscle
—Floor is formed by mylohyoid, hyoglossus & middle constrictor

Question 5

Contents of Submandibular Triangle?

Answer 5

Submandibular Gland & Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

Question 6

Boundaries of Carotid Triangle

Answer 6

Superior belly of omohyoid
Posterior belly of digastric
Anterior border of SCM

Question 7

Contents of Carotid Triangle

Answer 7

Common Carotid Artery & its branches
Internal Jugular Vein
Vagus Nerve (CN X)
Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3)

Question 8

What encloses the contents of the carotid triangle

Answer 8

Fascial sheath from the base of the skull to the root of the neck

Question 9

What lies behind the fascial sheath that encases the contents of the carotid triangle & on the preverbal muscles?

Answer 9

Sympathetic chain

Question 10

Describe the Sympathetic Chain

Answer 10

A nerve pathway that contains axons from T1-L2 region of the spinal cord & travel through the body
—at this point this nerve plexus is supplying sympathetic innervation to the head and neck

Question 11

Boundaries of the Muscular Triangle

Answer 11

Superior border of the omohyoid
Anterior border of the SCM
Midsagittal plane of the neck

Question 12

Contents of Muscular triangle

Answer 12

Infrahyoid muscles and thyroid/parathyroid glands

Question 13

Details of the Submental triangle

Answer 13

“unpaired” suprahyoid region

• bounded inferiorly by the hyoid bone and laterally by the anterior belly of both digastrics
• Floor is they mylohyoid

Question 14

What is Torticollis?

Answer 14

Injury to SCM or irritation of spinal accessory nerve

Question 15

What is the result of Torticollis?

Answer 15

Constant contracture of SCM and Consequent Flexion of the neck to the same side & turning to the opposite side

Question 16

Slumped shoulder & inability to fully rotate the scapula superiorly can be a result of?

Answer 16

Traumatic injury to the Spinal Accessory Nerve as it crosses the post. triangle