Anterior/Posterior Leg

Question 1

Origin: Lateral Condyle of Femur
Insertion: Posterior proximal surface of the Tibia, superior to the Soleal line

Action: Weak Knee Flexion; medial rotation of the knee

Hint: Key to the Knee

Answer 1

Popliteus

Question 2

When the knee is fully extended, the tibia rotates laterally which locks the knee into a more stable position

To lflex the knee, the popliteus medially rotates the tibia to ‘unlock’ the knee and allow it to flex

Answer 2

The Screw Home Mechanism

Question 3

Name the four (4) compartments of the leg

Answer 3

1) Anterior
2) Lateral
3) Superficial Posterior
4) Deep Posterior

Question 4

Origin: anterior, lateral, superior 1/2 of tibia, interosseous membrane
Insertion: base of the 1st MT, 1st (medial) cuneiform

Action: Dorsiflexion; Inversion

Answer 4

Tibialis Anterior

Question 5

Origin: Anterior middle of Fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of the distal phalanx of the 1st toe (dorsal surface)

Action: Extension of BIG TOE; assists in dorsiflexion and minimal inversion

Answer 5

Extensor Hallucis Longus (EHL)

Question 6

Origin: proximal 3/4 of anterior fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes (dorsal)

Action: extension of digits 2-5; dorsiflexion; eversion

Answer 6

Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL)

Question 7

Origin: Anterior Distal Fibula
Insertion: Base of 5th MT (Dorsal)

Action:Dorsiflexion; eversion

Answer 7

Peroneus Tertius

Question 8

When Palpating from medial to lateral which order will muscles of the anterior compartment be felt in?

Answer 8

Tibialis Anterior (TA)
Extensor Hallucis Longus (EHL)
Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL)

Question 9

Where there is the possibility of friction between the tendons and the retinacula, there is a tendon sheath which surrounds the tendon referred to as

Answer 9

Tubular Elongated Bursa

Question 10

Origin: Lateral proximal 2/3rds of Fibula
Insertion: Base of the 1st MT, 1st (medial) cuneiform (plantar surface)

Action: eversion; weak plantar flexion

Answer 10

Peroneus Longus

Question 11

Forms a stirrup with the Tibialis Anterior to help sustain the transverse Arch.

Passes behind lateral malleolus

Answer 11

Peroneus Longus

Question 12

Origin: lateral 2/3rds of fibula
Insertion: tuberosity of the 5th MT

Action: eversion; weak plantar flexion

Passes behind lateral malleolus

Answer 12

Peroneus Brevis

Question 13

Origin: 2 heads attaching to the medial and lateral femoral condyles
Insertion: Calcaneus

Action: plantar flexion; weak knee flexion

Answer 13

Gastrocnemius

Question 14

Origin: proximal posterior fibula, soleal line (tibia), middle 1/3rd of medial border of tibia
Insertion: calcaneus

Action: plantar flexion

Answer 14

Soleus

Question 15

Another term form the gastrocnemius and Soleus is

Answer 15

triceps surae

Question 16

Origin: distal lateral supracondyle ridge of the femur
Insertion: calcaneus

Action: weak plantar flexion; weak knee flexion

Answer 16

Plantaris

Question 17

Origin: posterior tibia; interossesous membrane, fibula
Insertion: navicular tuberosity and surrounding bones

Action: plantar flexion

Answer 17

Tibialis Posterior

Question 18

Origin: lower 2/3rds if posterior fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: plantar surface of 1st distal phalanx

Action: 1st MTP; 1st IP flexion; Plantar flexion; inversion

Answer 18

Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL)

Question 19

Origin: posterior middle tibia
Insertion: plantar surface of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

Action: PIP/DIP, MTP flexion of 2nd - 5th toes; Plantar flexion; inversion

Answer 19

Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL)

Question 20

What order are the tendons in of the Deep Posterior Compartment? (from anterior to posterior)

Answer 20

Tom Dick & Harry

TP –> FDL –> FHL

(Artery and Nerve sit between FDL and FHL respectively