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Endocrine > Anterior Pituitary > Flashcards

Anterior Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

hypothalamic nuclei of anterior pituitary

A
  • PVN
  • anterior hypothalamus
  • median preoptic nucleus (MPO)
  • arcuate nucleus (Arc)
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2
Q

parvicellular neurons

A
  • originate in hypothalamic anterior pituitary nuclei

- send axons to and terminate at median eminence

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3
Q

parvicellular neurons synthesize….

A

hypothalamic releasing hormones (XRH)

hypothalamic release-inhibiting hormones (XIH)

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4
Q

median eminence

A

secrete hypothalamic release & release-inhibiting hormones from parvicellular nerve terminals into blood

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5
Q

Hypothalamic Nuclei of TRH

A

PVN

Arcuate Nucleus

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6
Q

Hypothalamic Nuclei of GnRH

A

Anterior and Medial Hypothalamus

Medial Preoptic Nucleus (MPO)

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7
Q

Hypothalamic Nuclei of GHRH

A

arcuate nucleus

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8
Q

Hypothalamic Nuclei of Somatostatin (GHIH)

A

PVN

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9
Q

Hypothalamic Nuclei of Dopamine (Prolactin-inhibiting Hormone)

A

Arcuate nucleus

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10
Q

5 endocrine cell types of the pars distalis of anterior pituitary

A
  1. corticotrophes
  2. thyrotrophes
  3. gonadotrophes
  4. somatotrophes
  5. lactotrophes
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11
Q

Acidophilic Trophes

A
  • somatotrophes

- lactotrophes

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12
Q

Basophilic Trophes

A
  • corticotrophes
  • thyrotrophes
  • gonadotrophes
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13
Q

Lactotrophes

A

15-20% of total

Prolactin

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14
Q

Corticotrophes

A

10% of total

ACTH

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15
Q

Thyrotrophes

A

5% of total

TSH

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16
Q

Gonadotrophes

A

5-10% of total

FSH & LH

17
Q

Somatotrophes

A

60% of total

Growth Hormone

18
Q

Glycoprotein Tropic Hormones

A

TSH

FSH

LH

19
Q

Proopiomelaniocortin (POMC)-derived hormone

A

ACTH

20
Q

POMC

A

prohormone made by the corticotrophins in anterior pituitary

21
Q

Crossover between Anterior and Posterior Pituitary

A
  • normal conditions = secretion of ACTH regulated by CRH
  • stress conditions = secretion of ACTH amplified by a mechanism that involves stimulation of anterior pituitary corticotrophes by ADH
  • certain parvicellular neurons in PVN make ADH
  • —-> these neurons terminate at median eminence
  • during stress: these neurons secrete ADH at median eminence
  • —> ADH taken via portal circulation to the anterior pituitary corticotrophes where it stimulates ACTH secretion

Endocrine (6 decks)

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