Anterior Pituitary

Question 1

What are the 6 major hormones of the Anterior Pituitary Gland?

Answer 1

1. GH
2. PRL
3. ACTH
4. FSH
5. LH
6. TSH

Question 2

Which hormones are classified as peptides?

Answer 2

ACTH and MSH

Question 3

Which part of ACTH is needed for biological activity?

Answer 3

The first 20 AAs

Question 4

What happens if ACTH is degraded to less than 20 AAs long?

Answer 4

Chemical activity is lost

Question 5

What is ACTH 1-24?

Answer 5

24 AA long structure of ACTH that is typically used in treatments requiring ACTH.

Question 6

What is the activity of MSH in amphibians?

Answer 6

Amphibians have melanophore in skin. When amphibian is against dark background MSH causes granules to disperse, causing frog to appear less visible to predators.

Question 7

What is the activity of MSH in humans?

Answer 7

MSH stimulates synthesis of melanin in melanocytes, causing skin to darken.

Question 8

What causes hyper pigmentation?

Answer 8

Excess ACTH because a structure of MSH is found within ACTH.

Question 9

Which hormones are classified as glycoproteins?

Answer 9

TSH, FSH, and LH

Question 10

Which hormones are classified as proteins?

Answer 10

GH and PRL

Question 11

What type of cell staining do peptide hormones have?

Answer 11

Acidophilic, Basophilic, and Chromophobic

Question 12

What type of cell staining do glycoprotein hormones have?

Answer 12

Basophilic

Question 13

What type of cell staining do protein hormones have?

Answer 13

Acidophilic

Question 14

What % volume of pituitary do glycoprotein hormones occupy?

Answer 14

20-25 %

Question 15

What % volume of pituitary do protein hormones occupy?

Answer 15

70%

Question 16

Somatotrophs occupy ___% volume, while Lactotrophs occupy ___-___% volume?

Answer 16

50%; 10-25%

Question 17

Somatotrophs are in increased by what and decreased by what?

Answer 17

Increased by T3; Decreased by somatostatin

Question 18

Lactotrophs are increased by what?

Answer 18

Pregnancy due to estrogen effect