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Anatomy > Anterior of Arm, Forearm, Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

Anterior of Arm, Forearm, Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

The proximal aspect of the humerus articulates with the … of the scapula forming the … joint

A

Glenoid fossa

Glenohumeral joint

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2
Q

Distally, at the elbow joint, the … of the humerus articulates with the … of the radius

A

Capitulum

Head

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3
Q

Distally, at the elbow joint, the … of the humerus articulates with the … of the ulna

A

Trochlea

Trochlear notch

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4
Q

The ulna lies … and parallel to the radius

A

Medially

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5
Q

Olecranon is a large projection of the ulna which can be palpated as the tip of the elbow. The … attaches to its superior surface

A

Triceps brachii

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6
Q

The trochlear notch is formed by the … and …

A

Olecranon, coronoid process

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7
Q

The radial notch of the ulna is located on the … surface of the … and articulates with the head of the radius

A

Lateral

Trochlear notch

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8
Q

The ulna tuberosity is a roughening immediately distal to the … where the … attaches

A

Coronoid process

Brachialis

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9
Q

At the wrist the radius articulates with the …

A

Carpal bones

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10
Q

Name the carpal bones

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrium, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

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11
Q

Each finger has … metacarpal and … phalanges

Except for the thumb which has …

A

1, 3

2 phalanges

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12
Q

The joint capsule of the elbow is strengthened by ligaments medially and laterally. Name them

A

Annular ligament
Ulnar collateral ligament
Radial collateral ligament

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13
Q

The radial collateral ligament is on the … side of the joint, extending from the … and blending with the …

A

Lateral
Lateral epicondyle
Annular ligament

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14
Q

The ulnar collateral ligament is on the … side of the joint, extending from the …. and attaching to the …

A

Medial
Medial epicondyle
Coronoid process and olecranon (of ulna)

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15
Q

The arterial supply of the upper limb is delivered via five main vessels. List them proximally to distally

A 
Subclavian 
Axillary
Brachial
Radial
Ulnar
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16
Q

The 3 muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm

A

Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

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17
Q

What is the innervation of the 3 muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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18
Q

What is the arterial supply of the 3 muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm

A

Muscular branches of the brachial artery

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19
Q

Origins and attachments of biceps brachii

A

Long head originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Short head originates from from the coracoid process of the scapula
Both heads insert distally into the radial tuberosity

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20
Q

Function of biceps brachii

A

Supination of the forearm

It also flexes the arm at the elbow and shoulder

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21
Q

Origins and attachments of coracobrachialis

A

Originates from the coracoid process of the scapula

Attaches to medial side of the humerus at the level of the deltoid tubercle

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22
Q

Function of coracobrachialis

A

Flexion of the arm at the shoulder and weak adduction

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23
Q

Origins and attachments of brachialis

A

Originates from the medial and lateral surfaces on humeral shaft
Inserts in the ulna tuberosity

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24
Q

Function of brachialis

A

Flexion at the elbow

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25
Q

Name the 4 superficial muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Pronator teres

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26
Q

All 4 superficial muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm originate from a common tendon which arises from the …

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

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27
Q

Origin and attachments of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Originates from the medial epicondyle and has a long origin from the ulna
Attaches to the pisiform carpal bone

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28
Q

Action of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flexion and adduction at the wrist

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29
Q

Innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Ulnar nerve

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30
Q

Origin and attachments of palmaris longus

A

Originates from the medial epicondyle

Attaches to the flexor retinaculum of the wrist

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31
Q

Action of palmaris longus

A

Flexion at the wrist

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32
Q

Innervation of palmaris longus

A

Median nerve

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33
Q

Origin and attachments of flexor carpi radialis

A

Originates from the medial epicondyle

Attaches to the base of metacarpals II and III

34
Q

Action of flexor carpi radialis

A

Flexion and abduction at the wrist

35
Q

Innervation of flexor carpi radialis

A

Median nerve

36
Q

Origins and attachments of pronator teres

A

Originates from both the medial epicondyle and the coronoid process of the ulna
Attaches laterally to the mid shaft of the radius

37
Q

Action of pronator teres

A

Pronation of the forearm

38
Q

Innervation of pronator teres

A

Median nerve

39
Q

Name the only intermediate muscle in the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

40
Q

Origins and attachments of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

One head originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, the other from radius
The muscle splits into 4 tendons at the wrist which go through the carpal tunnel and attach to the middle phalanges of the 4 fingers

41
Q

Action of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints at the 4 fingers
Flexes at the wrist

42
Q

Innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Median nerve

43
Q

Name the 3 deep muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus and pronator quadratus

44
Q

Origins and attachments of flexor digitorum profundus

A

Originates from the ulna and associated interosseous membrane
The muscle splits into 4 tendons at the wrist which go through the carpal tunnel and attach to the distal phalanges of the 4 fingers

45
Q

Action of flexor digitorum profundus

A

Flexion at the distal interphalangeal joints
Flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joints
Flexion at the wrist

46
Q

Innervation of flexor digitorum profundus

A

Medial half is innervated by the ulnar nerve, lateral half is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve

47
Q

Origins and attachments of flexor pollicus longus

A

Originates from the anterior surface of the radius and surrounding interosseous membrane
Attaches to the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

48
Q

Action of flexor pollicus longus

A

Flexes the interphalangeal joint and metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

49
Q

Innervation of flexor pollicus longus

A

Median nerve

50
Q

Origins and attachments pronator quadratus

A

Originates from the anterior surface of the ulna

Attaches to the anterior surface of the radius

51
Q

Action of pronator quadratus

A

Pronates the forearm

52
Q

Innervation of pronator quadratus

A

Anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve

53
Q

The … muscles are 3 short muscles located at the base of the thumb. The muscle bellies form a bulge known as the … eminence

A

Thenar

54
Q

All 3 thenar muscle are innervated by …

A

The median nerve

55
Q

Origins and attachments of opponens pollicis

A

Originates from the tubercle of the trapezium and the associated flexor retinaculum
Attaches to the lateral margin of the metacarpal of the thumb

56
Q

Action of opponens pollicis

A

Opposes the thumb

57
Q

Origins and attachments of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Originates from the tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium and the associated flexor retinaculum
Attaches to the lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

58
Q

Actions of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Abducts the thumb

59
Q

Origins and attachments of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Originates from the tubercle of the trapezium and from associated flexor retinaculum
Attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

60
Q

Action of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

61
Q

The hypothenar muscles are similar to the thenar muscles in both name organisation but lie on the … side of the palm, they produce the hypothenar eminence at the base of …

A

Medial

The little finger

62
Q

Innervation of all 3 hypothenar muscles

A

Ulnar nerve

63
Q

Origin and attachments of opponens digiti minimi

A

Originates from hook of hamate and associated flexor retinaculum
Attaches to the medial margin of metacarpal V

64
Q

Action of opponens digiti minimi

A

Rotates the metacarpal of the little finger towards the palm (opposition)

65
Q

Origin and attachments of abductor digiti minimi

A

Originated from pisiform and the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris
Attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

66
Q

Action of abductor digiti minimi

A

Abduction of little finger

67
Q

Origins and attachments of flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Originates from the hook of hamate and adjacent flexor retinaculum
Attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

68
Q

Action of flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joint of the little finger

69
Q

There are four … in the hand, each associated with a finger

A

Lumbricals

70
Q

Origin and attachment of the lumbricals

A

Originates from a tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus

Inserts into the extensor hood

71
Q

Actions of the lumbricals

A

Flex at metacarpophalangeal joint and extend at interphalangeal joint of each finger

72
Q

Innervation of the lumbricals

A

Lateral two- Median nerve

Medial two- Ulnar nerve

73
Q

The … are a group of 3 (sometimes 4) paired intrinsic muscles between the metacarpals

A

Palmar interossei

74
Q

Origin and attachments of the palmar interossei muscles

A

Originate from a medial or lateral surface of a metacarpal

Inserts into extensor hood

75
Q

Actions of the palmar interossei muscles

A

Adducts the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joint

76
Q

Innervation of the palmar interossei muscles

A

Ulnar nerve

77
Q

The … is a large triangular muscle with two heads. The radial artery passes through the space between the two heads forming the …

A

Adductor pollicis

Deep palmar arch

78
Q

Origins and attachments of the adductor pollicis

A

One head originates from metacarpal III, the other from the capitate and adjacent areas of metacarpals II and III
Attaches into the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

79
Q

Actions of adductor pollicis

A

Adduction of the thumb

80
Q

Innervation of adductor pollicis

A

Ulnar nerve

Anatomy (11 decks)

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