Anterior neck muscles Flashcards
platysma: proximal and distal attachments
proximal: inferior mandible border skin
subcutaneous tissue of the face
distal: pectoralis major
deltoid fascia
platysma: innervation and blood supply
innervation: cervical branch of facial nerve CN VII
blood supply: facial artery
submental artery
platysma - function
depress mandible
lower face skin
elevate neck skin when mouth closed
sternocleidomastoid - proximal and distal attachments
proxmial: manubrium
proximal clavicle
distal: mastoid process
superior nuchal line
sternocleidomastoid - innervation and blood supply
innervation: spinal accessory nerve CN XI
blood supply: occipital and superior thyroid arteries
sternocleidomastoid - function
ipsilateral side bending
contralateral rotation
flexion
elevate thorax and shoulder
stylohyoid - proximal and distal attachments
proximal: styloid process
distal: hyoid body
stylohyoid - innervation and blood supply
innervation: facial nerve CN VII
blood supply: superior thyroid artery
lingual artery
stylohyoid - function
hyoid elevation
digastric - proximal and distal attachments
proximal: posterior belly: mastoid notch
anterior belly: inferior border of mandible closing to the symphysis
distal: common tendon on hyoid body
digastric - innervation and blood supply
innervation
posterior belly - facial nerve CN VII
anterior belly - mylohyoid branch of trigeminal nerve CN V
blood supply:
posterior belly: occipital artery
anterior belly: facial artery
digastric - function
hyoid elevation
retraction of mandible
mylohyoid - proximal and distal attachments
proximal: mylohyoid line of mandible
distal: hyoid body and median raphe of bilateral mylohyoid
mylohyoid - innervation and blood supply
innervation: mylohyoid branch of trigeminal nerve CN V3
blood supply: inferior alveolar artery
mylohyoid - function
hyoid and floor of mouth elevation
mandible depression and retraction
geniohyoid - proximal and distal attachments
proximal: mandibular inferior mental spine
distal: anterior hyoid body
geniohyoid - innervation
innervation: C1 hiking through hypoglossal nerve
geniohyoid - function
hyoid and floor of the mouth elevation
depression and retraction of mandible
- same as mylohyoid
sternohyoid - proximal and distal attachments
proximal: posterior manubrium
clavicle
sternoclavicular ligament
distal: inferior border of hyoid
sternohyoid - innervation and blood supply
innervation: ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
blood supply: superior thyroid artery
sternohyoid - function
hyoid and larynx depression
sternothyroid - proximal and distal attachments
proximal: posterior surface of manubrium
distal: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
sternothyroid - innervation and blood supply
innervation: ansa cervicalis
blood supply: superior thyroid artery
sternothyroid - function
depression of thyroid cartilage and larynx
omohyoid - proximal and distal attachment
proximal: lower border of hyoid
distal: suprascapular notch
omohyoid - innervation and blood supply
innervation: ansa cervicalis
blood supply: lingual artery
superior cervical artery
infrahyoid artery
omohyoid - function
hyoid depression
thyrohyoid - proximal and distal attachment
proximal: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
distal: lower body and greater horn of hyoid
thyrohyoid - innervation and blood supply
innervation: C1 hiking through hypoglossal nerve
blood supply: superior thyroid artery
thyrohyoid - function
depression of hyoid
elevation of thyroid cartilage and larynx
anterior scalene - proximal and distal attachments
proximal: anterior tubercle of transverse process C3-C6
distal: scalene tubercle of 1st rib
anterior scalene - innervation and blood supply
innervation: ventral rami C4-C6
blood supply: ascending cervical artery
anterior scalene - function
neck ipsilateral side bending
contralateral rotation
flexion
1st rib elevation
middle scalene - proximal and distal attachments
proximal: posterior tubercle of transverse process c2-C7
distal: upper surface of rib 1
middle scalene - innervation and blood supply
innervation: ventral rami of spinal nerve C2-C8
blood supply: ascending cervical artery
middle scalene - function
neck ipsilateral side bending
1st rib elevation
posterior scalene - proximal and distal attachment
proximal: posterior tubercle of transverse process C5-C7
distal: 2nd rib, occasional with middle scalene
posterior scalene - innervation and blood supply
innervation: ventral rami C6-C8
blood supply: ascending cervical artery
posterior scalene - function
neck ipsilateral side bend
2nd (and 1st if merging with middle scalene) rib elevation
longus capitis - proximal and distal attachment
proximal: TP C3-C6
distal: basilar part of occipital bone
longus colli - proximal and distal attachment
proximal:
superior - TP of C3-C5
inferior - bodies of T1-T3
vertical - bodies of T3-T5
distal:
superior - anterior tubercle of C1
inferior - TP of C5-C7
vertical - bodies of C2-C4
rectus capitis anterior - proximal and distal attachments
proximal: anterior arch
transverse process of C1
distal: occiput
rectus capitis lateralis - proximal and distal attachmetns
proximal: TP C1
distal: occiput
deep prevertebral flexors (longus capitis & colli, rectus capitis anterior & lateralis) - innervation
ventral rami of cervical nerves
deficit of the core neck muscles (longus capitis & colli, rectus capitis anterior & lateralis)
forward head: overstretch
weakness
