Anterior neck

Question 1

Anterior triangle

Answer 1

• Submandibular triangle
  -borders: inferior border of mandible & digastric m.
  -content: facial a. & v., submandibular gland, hypoglossal n (CN 12)
• submental triangle
  -border: hyoid bone & anterior belly of digastric m.
  -content: submental lymph nodes
• muscular triangle
  -border: hyoid bone, superior belly of omohyoid m, & anterior border of SCM m.
  -content: thyroid & parathyroid glands
• carotid triangle
  -border: superior belly of omohyoid m, the sylohyoid m, posterior belly of digastric m, & anterior border of SCM m
  -content: internal jugular v., carotid a., vagus n. (CN10), ansa cervicalis

Question 2

Vessels

Answer 2

• common carotid arteries
• external (outside sx) & internal carotid arteries (inside sx in skull) –supply most of the structures of head and neck
  -external carotid artery branches: superior thyroid a., pharyngeal a, lingual a, facial a
• internal jugular veins–recieve blood from all structures of head and neck

Question 3

Anterior triangle nerves

Answer 3

• glossopharyngeal (CN 9, mixed) jugular foramen: innervates muscle of the pharyngeal wall
• Vagus (CN 10, mixed) jugular foramen: innervates several structures such as larynx, lungs, heart, liver, and structures in the abdomen
• Accessory (CN 11, motor) jugular foramen: innervates SCM and trapezius
• Hypoglossal (CN 12, motor) hypoglossal canal: innervates tongue

Question 4

4 compartments & 5 fascia

Answer 4

Compartments (anterior to posterior)
* visceral: parts of digestive system, respiratory system, & endocrine glands
* 2 vascular: major blood vessels & the vagus nerve (CN 10)
* vertebral: cervical vertebrae, SC, cervical nerves and muscles

Fascia: (anterior to posterior)
* pretracheal: surrounds visceral compartment
* superficial: surrounds anterior portion only
* carotid sheath: surrounds vascular compartment
* investing: surrounds all the compartments
* prevertebral: surrounds verebral compartment