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Gross Anatomy Final Exam > Anterior, Lateral, and Posterior Leg > Flashcards

Anterior, Lateral, and Posterior Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What is known as the weight bearing bone in the body?

A

Tibia

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2
Q

What articulates with the femoral condyles?

A

**Lateral **and medial tibial plateau

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3
Q

Which bone in the leg serves as an attachment for muscle and bears no weight?

A

Fibula

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4
Q

What runs superior and posterior to the head of fibula?

A

Superficial fibular nerve

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5
Q

What purpose does the **lateral malleolus **extending 1-2 cm distally than medial malleolus serve for the body?

A

Helps to prevent eversion and ankle sprains

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6
Q

List the functions of the interosseous membrane.

A
  1. Holds tibia and fibula together
  2. Supports and stabilizes superior ankle joint
  3. Also serves as an attachment for some muscles
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7
Q

Describe what is happening in a high ankle sprain.

A

Tibia and fibula are separated at the malleolus due to the interosseus membrane splitting.

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8
Q

Which muscles are associated with “Tom, Dick, and Harry”?

A

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT: Tibialis anterior, Extensor hallicus longus, Extensor digitorum longus.

DEEP POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT: Tibialis posterior, Flexos hallicus longus, Flexor digitorum longus

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9
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Tibialis anterior?

A

ACTION: Dorsiflexion and inversion

INNERVATION: Deep fibular nerve

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10
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Extensor hallicus longus?

A

ACTION: Extension of great toe, assists dorsiflexion

INNERVATION: Deep fibular nerve

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11
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Extensor digitorum longus?

A

ACTION: Toes extension

INNERVATION: Deep fibular nerve

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12
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Fibularis tertius?

A

ACTION: Dorsiflexion and eversion

INNERVATION: Deep fibular nerve

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13
Q

What nerve and artery is found in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Deep fibular nerve and Anterior tibial artery

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14
Q

What makes up the lateral compartment of the leg?

A
  1. Fibularis (peroneus) longus
  2. Fibularis brevis
  3. Superficial fibular nerve
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15
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Fibularis (peroneus) longus?

A

ACTION: Eversion and assists with plantarflexion

INNERVATION: Superficial fibular nerve

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16
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Fibularis (peroneus) brevis?

A

ACTION: Eversion and assists with plantar flexion (similar to Fibularis longus)

INNERVATION: Superficial fibular nerve

17
Q

Name the borders of the Popliteal fossa.

A

Superolateral: Biceps femoris

Superomedial: **Semimembranosus **and Semitendinosus

Inferolateral__/inferomedial: Gastrocnemius heads

18
Q

Name the floor of the Popliteal fossa.

A
  1. Femur
  2. Oblique popliteal ligament
  3. Fascia over popliteus muscle
19
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Gastrocnemius?

A

ACTION: Plantar flexion and assists in knee flexion

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve

20
Q

Which muscle in the leg is a 2 joint muscle?

A

Gastrocnemius

21
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Soleus?

A

ACTION: Plantar flexion

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve

22
Q

What makes up the Triceps surae?

A

Medial and lateral gastrocnemeus heads, soleus

23
Q

How can the gastrocs and soleus be isolated?

A
  • The more the knee is extended, the gastrocnemeus gain the biochemical advantage
  • The more the knee is flexed, the soleus gains the biomechanical advantage
24
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Plantaris?

A

ACTION: VERY WEAK knee flexor and plantar flexor

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve

25
Q

What are the contents of the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

A
  1. Tibial nerve
  2. Posterior tibial artery
  3. Posterior tibial vein
  4. 3 muscles (Tom, Dick, an’ Harry)
26
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Tibialis posterior?

A

ACTION: Plantarflexion and inversion. It is also a dynamic stabilizer of medial longitudinal arch.

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve

27
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Flexor hallicus longus?

A

ACTION: Flexion of great toe, plantarflexion, supports medial longitudinal arch

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve

28
Q

What is the action and innervation of the Flexor digitorum longus?

A

ACTION: Flexion of 4 toes, assists with plantar flexion. It also supports longitudinal arches of foot.

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve

Gross Anatomy Final Exam (4 decks)

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