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Gross Anatomy Upper Extremity > Anterior Arm and Forearm > Flashcards

Anterior Arm and Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

What sort of joint is the humeroulnar joint?

A

It is a hinge joint allowing flexion and extension.

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2
Q

What sort of joint is the humero-radial joint?

A

Ball and socket joint morpoholically but functionally is a hinge join.

Has only the radial collateral ligament allowing flexion and extension.

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3
Q

What sort of joint is the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

A

Pivot joint using the anular ligament allowing uniacial rotation.

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4
Q

What sort of bone damage is seen in a colles fracture and what injuries is this common in?

A

Radial fracture with possible ulnar styloid avulsion.
Seen most commonly in patients that fall forward on there hands.
Seen as a “Dinner Fork” injury.

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5
Q

What sort of bone damage is seen ulnar shaft fractions and what injuries is this common in?

A

Direct damage to the ulna, usually not set properly ending up in a synovial joint like appearance causing “Pseudoarthrosis”

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6
Q

What nerve can potentially be damaged by a posterior disloaction of the elbow?

A

Think the ulnar nerve

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7
Q

When is a collateral ligament injury most commonly seen?

A

Seen most commonly in throwing athletes.

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8
Q

What is a “Nursemaids elbow”?

A

The disloaction of the radial head from the annular ligament.

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9
Q

What is the proximal and distal attachments of the biceps brachi?
Action
Innervation?

A 
Long head O: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
Short head O: Tip of coracoid process.
Collective I: Radial tuberosity.
Action: Supination and arm flexion!
Innervation: Musculocutaneous.
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10
Q 
What is the Brachialis
O:
I:
A:
Innervation:
A

Brachialis
O:Distal half of anterior humerus.
I: Coranoid process and ulnar tuberosity.
Action: Flexes forearm
Innervation: Musculocutaneous AND Radial.

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11
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the coracobrachialis?

A

O: Tip of coracoid pricess
I: Middle third of medial surface of humerus
Action: Flexion and adduction!
Innervation: Musculocutaneous specifically pierces this muscle!

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12
Q

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the pronator teres?

A

Origin: HAS TWO medial epicondyle of humerus (medial head) and the proximal ulna (Ulnar head)
Insertion: Lateral midshaft of radius
Innervation: Median nerve
Action: Pronation

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13
Q

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the Palmaris longus?

A

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Palmar aponeurosis
Innervation: Median nerve
Action: Flexion of wrist, tense palmar aponeurosis.

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14
Q

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Palmar base of MC II
Innervation: Median n
Action: Flex and abduct wrist.

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15
Q

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the Flexor Carpi radialis?

A

O: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
I: Hook of the hamate, pisiform, palmar base of MC V.
Innervation: Ulnar nerve
Action: Flex and adduct wrist.

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16
Q

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the Flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

O: Medial epicondyle of the humerus, proximal radius.
I: Base of intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5
Innervation: Median nerve
Action: Flex the proximal IP joint and the metacarpophalangeal joint and wrist.

17
Q

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the Flexor digitorum profundus?

A

O: Ulnar shaft and interosseus membrane.
I: Base of distal phalanx digits 2-5
Innervation: Digits 2 and 3 from anterior interosseus (Median) and Digits 4 and 5 from ulnar nerve.
Action: Flexes distal interphalangeal joint and PIP, MCP, wrist.

18
Q

What is the origin, insertion, innervation, and action of the flexor pollicus longus?

A

O: Radial shaft, interosseous membrane.
I: Base of distal phalanx of digit 1
Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve (From
median?)
Action: Flex 1st carpometacarpal joint, MCP, IP, Wrist.

19
Q

What arterial branches does the profunda brachii give off?

A

Middle collateral artery and the radial collateral artery.

20
Q

What does the radial collateral ligament come from and what does it anastomose with?

A

The radial collateral comes off the profundus brachi and anastamoses with the radial recurrent artery from the radial artery.

21
Q

Where does the superior ulnar collateral artery come from and what does it anastamose with?

A

Superior ulnar collateral artery comes from the brachial artery and anastamoses with the posterior ulnar recurrent artery from the ulnar artery.

22
Q

Where does the inferior ulnar collateral artery come from and what does it anastamose with?

A

Comes from the brachial artery and anastamoses with the anterior ulnar recurrent artery from the ulnar artery.

23
Q

What structure does the superior ulnar artery run with?

A

The ulnar nerve.

24
Q

What structures can be found in the triangular interval (Between the triceps)

A

The profunda brachii and the radial nerve.

25
Q

What makes up the borders of the cubital fossa?

A

The lateral border is from the brachioradialis
The medial border is from the pronator teres
The superior border is an imaginary line between the epicondyles.

26
Q

Muscle shortening of the digital flexors causing the hand to curl into a tight fist known as Volkman’s ischemic contracture is usually due to what sort of injury?

A

Due to the brachial artery being damaged in a humeral supracondylar fracture!

27
Q

What is the cause of supinator syndrome?

A

Compression of the median nerve between the humeral and ulnar heads of the pronator teres from repetitive supination/pronation movements.

28
Q

What causes anterior interosseous syndrome marked by the inability to make an “OK sign”?

A

Damage to just the anterior interosseous nerve!
Loss of flexor pollicis longus, lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus and pronator quadratus.

If only anterior interosseous involved there is no loss in sensation or control of the thenar muscles.

29
Q

The hand of benediction is typically seen in what sort of damage?

A

Damage to the cubital fossa the pt cannot make a fist due to loss of the FDS, lateral 1/2 of the FDP (Prevents digit 2 and 3 flexure) loss of FPL and FPB as well as clawing from loss of lumbricals (digits 2 and 3)

30
Q

What is cubital tunnel syndrome and what causes it?

A

Compression of the ulnar nerve along the medial epicondyle of the humerus causing numbness of the medial 1.5 digits and medial palm.

31
Q

What causes ulnar claw?

A

MCP4 and 5 joints become hyperextended with IP joints flexed due to injury of the ulnar nerve proximally. Passive sign

Gross Anatomy Upper Extremity (7 decks)

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